Section A:
General Provisions

A节：总则

Article 20.1: Definitions

第20.1条　定义

1.　　For the purposes of this Chapter:

　　1．就本章而言：

Berne Convention means the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, done at Berne on September 9, 1886, as revised at Paris on July 24, 1971;

　　《伯尔尼公约》指1886年9月9日签订于伯尔尼并于1971年7月24日修订于巴黎的《保护文学和艺术作品伯尔尼公约》；

Brussels Convention means the Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite, done at Brussels on May 21, 1974;

　　《布鲁塞尔公约》指1974年5月21日签订于布鲁塞尔的《发送卫星传输节目信号布鲁塞尔公约》；

Budapest Treaty means the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure (1977), done at Budapest on April 28, 1977, as amended on September 26, 1980;

　　《布达佩斯条约》指1977年4月28日签订于布达佩斯并于1980年9月26日修正的《国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约》（1977）；

Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health means the Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health (WT/MIN(01)/DEC/2), adopted on November 14, 2001;

　　《TRIPS与公共健康宣言》指2001年11月14日通过的《〈与贸易有关的知识产权协定〉（TRIPS协定）与公共健康宣言》（WT/MIN(01)/DEC/2）；

geographical indication means an indication that identifies a good as originating in the territory of a Party, or a region or locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation, or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin;

　　地理标志指识别一货物源自一缔约方领土内或该领土内一地区或地方的标志，该货物的特定质量、声誉或其他特性主要归因于其地理来源；

Hague Agreement means the Geneva Act of the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs, done at Geneva on July 2, 1999;

　　《海牙协定》指1999年7月2日签署于日内瓦的《工业品外观设计国际注册海牙协定（日内瓦文本）》；

intellectual property refers to all categories of intellectual property that are the subject of Sections 1 through 7 of Part II of the TRIPS Agreement;

　　知识产权指属《TRIPS协定》第二部分第1节至第7节的主题的所有类别的知识产权；

Madrid Protocol means the Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks, done at Madrid on June 27, 1989;

　　《马德里议定书》指1989年6月27日订于马德里的《商标国际注册马德里协定有关议定书》；

Paris Convention means the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, done at Paris on March 20, 1883 as revised at Stockholm on July 14, 1967;

　　《巴黎公约》指1883年3月20日签订于巴黎并于1967年7月14日修订于斯德哥尔摩的《保护工业产权巴黎公约》；

performance means a performance fixed in a phonogram, unless otherwise specified;

　　表演指固定在录音制品上的表演，除非另有规定；

with respect to copyright and related rights, right to authorize or prohibit refers to exclusive rights;

　　就版权和相关权而言，授权或禁止的权利指专有权；

PLT means the Patent Law Treaty adopted by the WIPO Diplomatic Conference done at Geneva on June 1, 2000;

　　PLT指2000年6月1日于日内瓦举行的世界知识产权组织外交会议通过的《专利法条约》；

Singapore Treaty means the Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks, done at Singapore on March 27, 2006;

　　《新加坡条约》指2006年3月27日订于新加坡的《商标法新加坡条约》；

UPOV 1991 means the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants, done at Paris on December 2, 1961, as revised at Geneva on March 19, 1991;

　　1991年UPOV公约指1961年12月2日签署于巴黎并于1991年3月19日修订于日内瓦的《国际植物新品种保护公约》；

WCT means the WIPO Copyright Treaty, done at Geneva on December 20, 1996;

　　WCT指1996年12月20日订于日内瓦的《WIPO版权条约》；

WIPO means the World Intellectual Property Organization;

　　WIPO指世界知识产权组织；

for greater certainty, work includes a cinematographic work, photographic work, and computer program; and

　　为进一步明确，作品包括电影作品、摄影作品和计算机程序；以及

WPPT means the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty, done at Geneva on December 20, 1996.

　　WPPT指1996年1月20日订于日内瓦的《WIPO表演和录音制品条约》。

2.　　For the purposes of Article 20.8 (National Treatment), Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications), and Article 20.61 (Related Rights):

　　2．就第20.8条（国民待遇）、第20.30条（保护或认可地理标志的行政程序）和第20.61条（相关权）而言：

a national means, in respect of the relevant right, a person of a Party that would meet the criteria for eligibility for protection provided for in the agreements listed in Article 20.7 (International Agreements) or the TRIPS Agreement.

　　国民指，对于相关权利，符合第20.7条（国际协定）中所列协定或《TRIPS协定》中所规定的保护资格标准的一缔约方的人。

Article 20.2: Objectives

第20.2条　目标

　　　The protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights should contribute to the promotion of technological innovation and to the transfer and dissemination of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfare, and to a balance of rights and obligations.

　　知识产权的保护和实施应有助于促进技术创新，有助于技术转让和传播，有助于技术知识的创造者和使用者的相互获益且有助于社会和经济福利，并有助于权利与义务的平衡。

Article 20.3: Principles

第20.3条　原则

1.　　A Party may, in formulating or amending its laws and regulations, adopt measures necessary to protect public health and nutrition, and to promote the public interest in sectors of vital importance to their socio-economic and technological development, provided that those measures are consistent with the provisions of this Chapter.

　　1．在制定或修正其法律法规时，一缔约方可采取对保护公共健康和营养所必需的和促进对其社会经济和技术发展至关重要部门公共利益所必需的措施，只要此类措施与本章的规定相一致。

2.　　Appropriate measures, provided that they are consistent with the provisions of this Chapter, may be needed to prevent the abuse of intellectual property rights by right holders or the resort to practices which unreasonably restrain trade or adversely affect the international transfer of technology.

　　2．可能需要采取适当措施以防止权利持有人滥用知识产权或防止采取不合理限制贸易或对国际技术转让造成不利影响的做法，只要此类措施与本章的规定相一致。

Article 20.4: Understandings in Respect of this Chapter

第20.4条　关于本章的谅解

　　　Having regard to the underlying public policy objectives of national systems, the Parties recognize the need to:

　　考虑到国家体系的基本公共政策目标，缔约方认识到需要通过各自知识产权制度：

(a)　　promote innovation and creativity;

　　（a）促进创新和创造力；

(b)　　facilitate the diffusion of information, knowledge, technology, culture, and the arts; and

　　（b）便利信息、知识、技术、文化和艺术的传播；以及

(c)　　foster competition and open and efficient markets;

　　（c）培育竞争、开放和有效率的市场；

through their respective intellectual property systems, while respecting the principles of transparency and due process, and taking into account the interests of relevant stakeholders, including right holders, service providers, users, and the public.

同时尊重透明度和正当程序原则，并考虑相关利益相关者的利益，包括权利人、服务提供者、使用者和公众。

Article 20.5: Nature and Scope of Obligations

第20.5条　义务的性质和范围

1.　　Each Party shall provide in its territory to the nationals of another Party adequate and effective protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights, while ensuring that measures to enforce intellectual property rights do not themselves become barriers to legitimate trade.

　　1．每一缔约方应在其领土内向另一缔约方国民提供充分有效的知识产权保护和执法，同时确保知识产权执法措施本身不会成为合法贸易的障碍。

2.　　A Party may, but shall not be obliged to, provide more extensive protection for, or enforcement of, intellectual property rights under its law than is required by this Chapter, provided that such protection or enforcement does not contravene this Chapter. Each Party shall be free to determine the appropriate method of implementing the provisions of this Chapter within its own legal system and practice.

　　2．一缔约方可以但没有义务在其国内法中提供比本章要求更广泛的知识产权保护或执法，只要此种保护或执法不违反本章的规定。每一缔约方可在其自身的法律体系和实践中自由决定实施本章规定的适当方法。

Article 20.6: Understandings Regarding Certain Public Health Measures

第20.6条　关于特定公共健康措施的共识

　　　The Parties affirm their commitment to the Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health. In particular, the Parties have reached the following understandings regarding this Chapter:

　　缔约方确认其在《TRIPS与公共健康宣言》中的承诺。特别是，缔约方已就本章达成下列谅解：

(a)　　The obligations of this Chapter do not and should not prevent a Party from taking measures to protect public health. Accordingly, while reiterating their commitment to this Chapter, the Parties affirm that this Chapter can and should be interpreted  and implemented in a manner supportive of each Party’s right to protect public health and, in particular, to promote access to medicines for all. Each Party has the right to determine what constitutes a national emergency or other circumstances of extreme urgency, it being understood that public health crises, including those relating to HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and other epidemics, can represent a national emergency or other circumstances of extreme urgency.

　　（a）本章的义务不会且不得阻止一缔约方采取措施保护公共健康。因此，在重申其对本章承诺的同时，缔约方确认，本章能够且应该以支持每一缔约方保护公共健康，特别是促进所有人获得药物的权利的方式加以解释和实施。每一缔约方有权确定构成国家紧急状态或其他极端紧急的情况，各方理解公共健康危机，包括与艾滋病病毒／艾滋病、肺结核、疟疾和其他传染病相关的公共健康危机，可以构成国家紧急状态或其他极端紧急的情况。

(b)　　In recognition of the commitment to access to medicines that are supplied in accordance with the Decision of the WTO General Council of August 30, 2003 on the Implementation of Paragraph Six of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health (WT/L/540) and the WTO General Council Chairman’s Statement Accompanying the Decision (JOB(03)/177, WT/GC/M/82), as well as the Decision of the WTO General Council of December 6, 2005 on the Amendment of the TRIPS Agreement (WT/L/641) and the WTO General Council Chairperson’s Statement Accompanying the Decision (JOB(05)/319 and Corr. 1,WT/GC/M/100) (collectively, the “TRIPS/health solution”), this Chapter does not and should not prevent the effective utilization of the TRIPS/health solution.

　　（b）认识到关于获得依照如下宣言和决定所提供药物的承诺：即WTO总理事会2003年8月30日《关于执行〈TRIPS协定与公共健康多哈宣言〉第6段的决定》（WT/L/540）和该决定所附WTO总理事会主席声明（JOB(03)/177, WT/GC/M/82）以及WTO总理事会2005年12月6日《关于〈TRIPS协定〉修正案的决定》（WT/L/641）和该决定所附WTO总理事会主席声明（JOB(05)/319和Corr.1, WT/GC/M/100）（统称为“TRIPS／健康解决方案”），本章不会且不得妨碍TRIPS／健康解决方案的有效利用。

(c)　　With respect to the aforementioned matters, if any waiver of a provision of the TRIPS Agreement, or any amendment of the TRIPS Agreement, enters into force with respect to the Parties, and a Party’s application of a measure in conformity with that waiver or amendment is contrary to the obligations of this Chapter, the Parties shall immediately consult in order to adapt this Chapter as appropriate in the light of the waiver or amendment.

　　（c）对于上述事项，如对《TRIPS协定》任何条款的任何豁免或对《TRIPS协定》的任何修正对缔约方生效，且一缔约方所实施的与该豁免或修正相符的措施与本章的义务相违背，则缔约方应立即进行磋商，以便依照该豁免或修正酌情修改本章。

Article 20.7: International Agreements

第20.7条　国际协定

1.　　Each Party affirms that it has ratified or acceded to the following agreements:

　　1．每一缔约方确认其已经批准或加入下列协定：

(a)　　 Patent Cooperation Treaty, as amended on September 28, 1979, and modified on February 3, 1984;

　　（a）1979年9月28日修正并于1984年2月3日修订的《专利合作条约》；

(b)　　Paris Convention;

　　（b）《巴黎公约》；

(c)　　Berne Convention;

　　（c）《伯尔尼公约》；

(d)　　WCT; and

　　（d）WCT；以及

(e)　　WPPT.

　　（e）WPPT。

2.　　Each Party shall ratify or accede to each of the following agreements, if it is not already a party to that agreement, by the date of entry into force of this Agreement:

　　 2．每一缔约方如尚未成为下列协定参加方，则应在截至本协定对该缔约方生效之日批准或加入下列每一协定：

(a)　　Madrid Protocol;

　　（a）《马德里议定书》；

(b)　　Budapest Treaty;

　　（b）《布达佩斯条约》；

(c)　　Singapore Treaty;¹

　　（c）《新加坡条约》；¹

¹A Party may satisfy the obligations in paragraphs 2(a) and 2(c) by ratifying or acceding to either the Madrid Protocol or the Singapore Treaty.

¹一缔约方可以通过批准或加入《马德里议定书》或《新加坡条约》两者之一以履行第2款（a）项和第2款（c）项中的义务。

(d)　　UPOV 1991;

　　（d）1991年UPOV公约；

(e)　　Hague Agreement; and

　　（e）《海牙协定》；以及

(f)　　Brussels Convention.

　　（f）《布鲁塞尔公约》。

3.　　Each Party shall give due consideration to ratifying or acceding to the PLT, or, in the alternative, shall adopt or maintain procedural standards consistent with the objective of the PLT.

　　3．每一缔约方应适当考虑批准或加入PLT，或者应采用或保持与PLT目标一致的程序标准。

Article 20.8: National Treatment

第20.8条　国民待遇

1.　　In respect of all categories of intellectual property covered in this Chapter, each Party shall accord to nationals of another Party treatment no less favorable than it accords to its own nationals with regard to the protection² of intellectual property rights.

　　1．对于本章涵盖的所有类别的知识产权，每一缔约方在知识产权保护²方面，给予另一缔约方国民的待遇不得低于其给予本国国民的待遇。

²For the purposes of this paragraph, “protection” shall include matters affecting the availability, acquisition, scope, maintenance and enforcement of intellectual property rights as well as matters affecting the use of intellectual property rights specifically covered by this Chapter. Further, for the purposes of this paragraph, “protection” also includes the prohibition on the circumvention of effective technological measures set out in Article 20.66 (Technological Protection Measures) and the provisions concerning rights management information set out in Article 20.67 (Rights Management Information). For greater certainty, “matters affecting the use of intellectual property rights specifically covered by this Chapter” in respect of works, performances, and phonograms, include any form of payment, such as licensing fees, royalties, equitable remuneration, or levies, in respect of uses that fall under the copyright and related rights in this Chapter. The preceding sentence is without prejudice to a Party’s interpretation of “matters affecting the use of intellectual property rights” in footnote 3 of the TRIPS Agreement.

²就本款而言，“保护”应包括影响知识产权的效力、获得、范围、维持和执行的事项以及影响本章具体涵盖的知识产权使用的事项。此外，就本款而言，“保护”还包括禁止规避第20.66条（技术保护措施）中所列有效技术措施和第20.67条（权利管理信息）中所列有关权利管理信息的规定。为进一步明确，对于作品、表演和录音制品，“影响本章具体涵盖的知识产权使用的事项”，包括任何形式的对归入本章中版权和相关权的使用的支付，例如许可费、许可权使用费、合理报酬或征税。前句不损害一缔约方对《TRIPS协定》脚注3中“影响知识产权使用的事项”的解释。

2.　　A Party may derogate from paragraph 1 in relation to its judicial and administrative procedures, including requiring a national of another Party to designate an address for service of process in its territory, or to appoint an agent in its territory, provided that this derogation is:

　　2．一缔约方可在其司法和行政程序方面减损第1款，包括要求另一缔约方国民在其领土内指定送达地址，或在其领土内委派代理人，只要此种减损：

(a)　　necessary to secure compliance with laws or regulations that are not inconsistent with this Chapter; and

　　（a）为保证遵守与本章不相抵触的法律或法规所必需；以及

(b)　　not applied in a manner that would constitute a disguised restriction on trade.

　　（b）不以对贸易构成变相限制的方式实施。

3.　　Paragraph 1 does not apply to procedures provided in multilateral agreements concluded under the auspices of WIPO relating to the acquisition or maintenance of intellectual property rights.

　　3．第1 款不适用于在WIPO主持下缔结的多边协定中所规定的与获得或维持知识产权相关的程序。

Article 20.9: Transparency

第20.9条　透明度

1.　　Further to Article 20.80 (Enforcement Practices with Respect to Intellectual Property Rights), each Party shall endeavor to publish online its laws, regulations, procedures, and administrative rulings of general application concerning the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights.

　　1．在 第20.80条（与知识产权有关的执行实践）的基础上，每一缔约方应努力使其与知识产权保护和执行有关的普遍适用的法律、法规、程序和行政裁决在互联网上可获得。

2.　　Each Party shall, subject to its law, endeavor to publish online information that it makes public concerning applications for trademarks, geographical indications, designs, patents, and plant variety rights.^3,4

　　2．每一缔约方，在遵守其法律的前提下，应努力使其已公布的有关商标、地理标志、外观设计、专利和植物新品种权申请的信息在互联网上可获得。^3,4

³For greater certainty, paragraphs 2 and 3 are without prejudice to a Party’s obligations under Article 20.23 (Electronic Trademarks System).

³为进一步明确，第2款和第3款不损害一缔约方在第20.23条（商标电子系统）下的义务。

⁴For greater certainty, paragraph 2 does not require a Party to publish online the entire dossier for the relevant application.

⁴为进一步明确，第2款不要求一缔约方使相关申请的整个卷宗在互联网上可获得。

3.　　Each Party shall, subject to its law, publish online information that it makes public concerning registered or granted trademarks, geographical indications, designs, patents, and plant variety rights, sufficient to enable the public to become acquainted with those registered or granted rights.⁵

　　　3．每一缔约方，在遵守其法律的前提下，使其已公布的注册或授予的商标、地理标志、外观设计、专利和植物新品种权的信息在互联网上可获得，足以使公众知晓这些注册或授予的权利。

⁵For greater certainty, paragraph 3 does not require a Party to publish online the entire dossier for the relevant registered or granted intellectual property right.

⁵为进一步明确，第3款不要求一缔约方使相关注册或授权的知识产权的整个卷宗在互联网上可获得。

Article 20.10: Application of Chapter to Existing Subject Matter and Prior Acts

第20.10条　本章对现有客体和先前行为的适用

1.　　Unless otherwise provided in this Chapter, including in Article 20.63 (Application of Article 18 of the Berne Convention and Article 14.6 of the TRIPS Agreement), this Chapter gives rise to obligations in respect of all subject matter existing at the date of entry into force of this Agreement and that is protected on that date in the territory of a Party where protection is claimed, or that meets or comes subsequently to meet the criteria for protection under this Chapter.

　　1．除非本章中另有规定，包括在第20.63条（《伯尔尼公约》第18条和《TRIPS协定》第14条第6款的适用）中另有规定，否则本章对在本协定对一缔约方生效之日已存在且于当日在要求获得保护的一缔约方领土内受到保护的所有客体，或满足或此后满足本章下保护标准的所有客体，均产生义务。

2.　　Unless provided in Article 20.63 (Application of Article 18 of the Berne Convention and Article 14.6 of the TRIPS Agreement), a Party shall not be required to restore protection to subject matter that on the date of entry into force of this Agreement has fallen into the public domain in its territory.

　　2．除非第20.63条（《伯尔尼公约》第18条和《TRIPS协定》第14条第6款的适用）中设有规定，否则不得要求一缔约方对本协定生效之日在其领土内已属公有领域的客体恢复保护。

3.　　This Chapter does not give rise to obligations in respect of acts that occurred before the date of entry into force of this Agreement.

　　3．本章对于本协定对生效之日前发生的行为不产生义务。

Article 20.11: Exhaustion of Intellectual Property Rights

第20.11条　知识产权的权利用尽

　　　Nothing in this Agreement prevents a Party from determining whether or under what conditions the exhaustion of intellectual property rights applies under its legal system.⁶

　　本协定中任何条款不阻止一缔约方在其法律制度内确定是否适用及在何种条件下适用知识产权的权利用尽。⁶

⁶For greater certainty, this Article is without prejudice to any provisions addressing the exhaustion of intellectual property rights in international agreements to which a Party is a party.

⁶为进一步明确，本条不损害一缔约方参加的国际协定中处理知识产权用尽的任何规定。

Section B:
Cooperation

B节：合作

Article 20.12: Contact Points for Cooperation

第20.12条　合作的联络点

　　　Each Party may designate and notify the other Parties of one or more contact points for the purpose of cooperation under this Section.

　　每一缔约方可指定一个或多个联络点并作出通知，以开展本节下的合作。

Article 20.13: Cooperation

第20.13条　合作

　　　The Parties shall endeavor to cooperate on the subject matter covered by this Chapter, such as through appropriate coordination and exchange of information between their respective intellectual property offices, or other agencies or institutions, as determined by each Party.

　　缔约方应努力就本章所涵盖的客体开展合作，例如通过按每一缔约方确定的其各自知识产权机构或其他机构之间的适当协调和信息交流。

Article 20.14: Committee on Intellectual Property Rights

第20.14条　知识产权委员会

1.　　The Parties hereby establish a Committee on Intellectual Property Rights (IPR Committee), composed of government representatives of each Party.

　　1．缔约方特此设立知识产权委员会（IPR Committee），由缔约方政府代表组成。

2.　　The IPR Committee shall:

　　2．知识产权委员会应：

(a)　　exchange information, pertaining to intellectual property rights matters, including how intellectual property protection contributes to innovation, creativity, economic growth, and employment, such as:

　　（a）交流与知识产权事务有关的信息，包括知识产权保护如何促进创新、创造力、经济增长和就业，例如：

(i)　developments in domestic and international intellectual property law and policy,

　　（i）国内和国际知识产权法律和政策进展；

(ii)　economic benefits related to trade and other analysis of the contributions arising from the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights,

　　（ii）与贸易有关的经济利益以及对知识产权保护和执法所产生的贡献的其他分析；

(iii)　intellectual property issues particularly relevant to small and medium-sized enterprises; science, technology, and innovation activities; and to the generation, transfer, and dissemination of technology,

　　（iii）与中小企业特别相关的知识产权问题，科学、技术和创新活动，以及技术的产生、转让和传播；

(iv)　approaches for reducing the infringement of intellectual property rights, as well as effective strategies for removing the underlying incentives for infringement,

　　（iv）减少侵犯知识产权的方法，以及消除潜在侵权诱因的有效策略；

(v)　programs on education and awareness related to intellectual property and building capacity regarding intellectual property rights matters, and

　　（v）与知识产权相关的教育和意识提升计划以及建立知识产权能力的计划；以及

(vi)　implementation of multilateral intellectual property agreements, such as those concluded or administered under the auspices of WIPO;

　　（vi）多边知识产权协定的实施，例如在WIPO主持下缔结或管理的协定；

(b)　　work towards strengthening border enforcement of intellectual property rights through the promotion of collaborative operations in customs and exchange of best practices;

　　（b）通过促进海关合作和交流最佳做法，努力加强知识产权的边境执法；

(c)　　exchange information regarding trade secret-related matters, including the value of trade secrets and the economic loss associated with trade secret misappropriation;

　　（c）交流有关商业秘密相关事项的信息，包括商业秘密的价值和商业秘密盗用造成的经济损失；

(d)　　discuss proposals to enhance procedural fairness in patent litigation, including with respect to choice of venue; and

　　（d）讨论提高专利诉讼程序公平性的建议，包括诉讼地的选择；以及

(e)　　upon request of a Party and in the interest of advancing transparency, endeavor to reach a mutually agreeable solution before taking measures in connection with future requests of recognition or protection of a geographical indication from any other country through a trade agreement.

　　（e）应一缔约方的请求且为了提高透明度，在针对其他国家依据贸易协定未来提出承认或保护地理标志的请求而采取措施之前，努力达成互相同意的解决方案。

3.　　The Parties shall endeavor to cooperate on providing technical assistance regarding trade secret protection to the relevant authorities of non-Parties and identify appropriate opportunities to increase cooperation between the Parties on trade-related intellectual property rights protection and enforcement.

　　3．缔约方应努力在向非缔约方有关部门提供商业秘密保护技术援助方面进行合作，并寻找适当机会加强缔约方在与贸易有关的知识产权保护和执法方面的合作。

4.　　The IPR Committee shall meet within one year after the date of entry into force of this Agreement and thereafter as necessary.

　　4．知识产权委员会应在本协定生效之日起1年内召开会议，此后在必要时召开会议。

Article 20.15: Patent Cooperation and Work Sharing

第20.15条　专利合作和工作共享

1.　　The Parties recognize the importance of improving the quality and efficiency of their respective patent registration systems as well as simplifying and streamlining the procedures and processes of their respective patent offices to the benefit of all users of the patent system and the public as a whole.

　　1．缔约方认识到为专利制度的所有使用者和整体公众利益而提高各自专利注册制度的质量和效率及简化和精简各自专利机构的程序和流程的重要性。

2.　　Further to paragraph 1, the Parties shall endeavor to cooperate among their respective patent offices to facilitate the sharing and use of search and examination work of the Parties. This may include:

　　2．在第1款基础上，缔约方应努力在各自专利机构之间进行合作，以便利分享和利用其他缔约方的检索和审查工作。这一合作可包括：

(a)　　making search and examination results available to the patent offices of the other Parties;⁷ and

　　（a）使其他缔约方的专利机构可获得检索和审查结果；⁷及

⁷The Parties recognize the importance of multilateral efforts to promote the sharing and use of search and examination results with a view to improving the quality of search and examination processes and to reducing the costs for both applicants and patent offices.

⁷缔约方认识到促进检索和审查结果分享和使用的多边努力的重要性，目的在于提高检索和审查程序的质量并降低申请人和专利机构的费用。

(b)　　exchanging information on quality assurance systems and quality standards relating to patent examination.

　　（b）交流与专利审查相关的质量保证体系和质量标准的信息。

3.　　In order to reduce the complexity and cost of obtaining the grant of a patent, the Parties shall endeavor to cooperate to reduce differences in the procedures and processes of their respective patent offices.

　　3．为降低获得专利授权的复杂度和费用，缔约方应努力合作，以减少其各自专利机构在程序和流程方面的差异。

Article 20.16: Cooperation on Request

第20.16条　应请求进行合作

　　　Cooperation activities undertaken under this Chapter are subject to the availability of resources, and on request, and on terms and conditions mutually decided upon between the Parties involved. The Parties affirm that cooperation under this Section is additional to and without prejudice to other past, ongoing, and future cooperation activities, both bilateral and multilateral, between the Parties, including between their respective intellectual property offices.

　　根据本章开展的合作活动和倡议应取决于资源的可获性，并应请求和根据所涉缔约方之间双方同意的条款和条件进行。缔约方确认，本节下的合作是对缔约方包括其确定的各自知识产权机构之间过去、正在进行和未来的其他双边和多边合作活动的补充，并且不损害这些活动。

Section C:
Trademarks

C节：商标

Article 20.17: Types of Signs Registrable as Trademarks

第20.17条　可注册为商标的标记类型

　　　No Party shall require, as a condition of registration, that a sign be visually perceptible, nor shall a Party deny registration of a trademark only on the ground that the sign of which it is composed is a sound. Additionally, each Party shall make best efforts to register scent marks. A Party may require a concise and accurate description, or graphical representation, or both, as applicable, of the trademark.

　　任何缔约方不得作为注册的条件而要求标记可被视觉感知，也不得仅以该标记由声音组成为由拒绝注册一商标。此外，每一缔约方应尽最大努力注册气味商标。一缔约方可要求对商标进行简要和精确的描述或图片表示，或如适用，则两者均包括。

Article 20.18: Collective and Certification Marks

第20.18条　集体商标和证明商标

　　　Each Party shall provide that trademarks include collective marks and certification marks. A Party is not required to treat certification marks as a separate category in its law, provided that those marks are protected. Each Party shall also provide that signs that may serve as geographical indications are capable of protection under its trademark system.⁸

　　每一缔约方应规定商标包括集体商标和证明商标。一缔约方不被要求在其法律中将证明商标作为单独类别处理，只要这些商标受到保护。每一缔约方还应规定可作为地理标志的标记在其商标制度下可受到保护。⁸

⁸Consistent with the definition of a geographical indication in Article 20.1 (Definitions), any sign, or combination of signs, shall be eligible for protection under one or more of the legal means for protecting geographical indications, or a combination of those means.

⁸在与第20.1条（定义）中地理标志的定义相一致的前提下，任何标记或标记的组合应有资格通过一种或多种保护地理标志的法律手段或此类手段的结合加以保护。

Article 20.19: Use of Identical or Similar Signs

第20.19条　相同或相似标识的使用

　　　Each Party shall provide that the owner of a registered trademark has the exclusive right to prevent third parties that do not have the owner’s consent from using in the course of trade identical or similar signs, including subsequent geographical indications⁹ for goods or services that are related to those goods or services in respect of which the owner’s trademark is registered, if that use would result in a likelihood of confusion. In the case of the use of an identical sign for identical goods or services, a likelihood of confusion shall be presumed.

　　每一缔约方应规定，注册商标的所有权人享有专有权，以阻止第三方未经该所有权人同意而在贸易过程中对与所有权人已注册商标的货物或服务有关的货物或服务使用相同或相似标记，包括在后的地理标志，⁹如此种使用会导致出现混淆的可能性。在对相同货物或服务使用相同标记的情况下，应推定存在混淆的可能性。

⁹For greater certainty, the Parties understand that this Article should not be interpreted to affect their rights and obligations under Articles 22 and 23 of the TRIPS Agreement.

⁹为进一步明确，缔约方理解，本条不得解释为影响其在《TRIPS协定》第22条和第23条下的权利和义务。

Article 20.20: Exceptions

第20.20条　例外

　　　A Party may provide limited exceptions to the rights conferred by a trademark, such as fair use of descriptive terms, provided that those exceptions take account of the legitimate interests of the owner of the trademark and of third parties.

　　一缔约方可对商标所授予的权利规定有限的例外，例如合理使用描述性词语，只要这些例外考虑到商标所有权人和第三方的合法利益。

Article 20.21: Well-Known Trademarks

第20.21条　驰名商标

1.　　No Party shall require as a condition for determining that a trademark is well-known that the trademark has been registered in the Party or in another jurisdiction, included on a list of well-known trademarks, or given prior recognition as a well-known trademark.

　　1．任何缔约方不得作为确定商标属驰名的条件而要求该商标在该缔约方或在另一管辖范围内已注册、已列入一驰名商标名单或已事先承认属驰名商标。

2.　　Article 6bis of the Paris Convention shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to goods or services that are not identical or similar to those identified by a well-known trademark,¹⁰ whether registered or not, provided that use of that trademark in relation to those goods or services would indicate a connection between those goods or services and the owner of the trademark, and provided that the interests of the owner of the trademark are likely to be damaged by that use.

　　2．《巴黎公约》第6条之二在细节上作必要修改后应适用于与以一驰名商标标识的货物或服务不相同或不相似的货物或服务，¹⁰无论是否注册，只要对这些货物或服务使用该商标会表明这些货物或服务与商标所有权人之间存在联系，且该商标所有权人的利益有可能因该使用而受到损害。

¹⁰In determining whether a trademark is well-known in a Party, that Party need not require that the reputation of the trademark extend beyond the sector of the public that normally deals with the relevant goods or services.

¹⁰在确定一商标在一缔约方是否驰名时，该缔约方无需要求该商标的声誉延伸至通常处理相关货物或服务的公众中相关群体之外。

3.　　The Parties recognize the importance of the Joint Recommendation Concerning Provisions on the Protection of Well-Known Marks as adopted by the Assembly of the Paris Union for the Protection of Industrial Property and the General Assembly of WIPO at the Thirty-Fourth Series of Meetings of the Assemblies of the Member States of WIPO September 20 to 29, 1999.

　　3．缔约方认识到由保护工业产权巴黎联盟大会和WIPO大会在1999年9月20日至29日的WIPO成员国大会第34届系列会议上通过的《关于保护驰名商标规定的联合建议》的重要性。

4.　　Each Party shall provide for appropriate measures to refuse the application or cancel the registration and prohibit the use of a trademark that is identical or similar to a well-known trademark,¹¹ for identical or similar goods or services, if the use of that trademark is likely to cause confusion with the prior well-known trademark. A Party may also provide those measures including in cases in which the subsequent trademark is likely to deceive.

　　4．每一缔约方应规定适当措施，驳回商标注册申请或注销商标注册并禁止对相同或相似货物或服务使用与一驰名商标¹¹相同或相似的商标，如该商标的使用有可能造成与在先驰名商标的混淆。一缔约方也可在对后续商标有欺诈可能的情况下规定此类措施。

¹¹The Parties understand that a well-known trademark is one that was already well-known before, as determined by a Party, the application for, registration of, or use of the first-mentioned trademark.

¹¹缔约方理解，一驰名商标指在首次提及的商标的申请、注册或使用之前经一缔约方确定已经驰名的商标。

Article 20.22: Procedural Aspects of Examination, Opposition, and Cancellation

第20.22条　审查、异议和注销的程序事项

　　　Each Party shall provide a system for the examination and registration of trademarks that includes among other things:

　　每一缔约方应规定一商标审查和注册制度，该制度应特别包括：

(a)　　communicating to the applicant in writing, which may be by electronic means, the reasons for any refusal to register a trademark;

　　（a）书面告知申请人驳回商标注册的理由，可通过电子方式；

(b)　　providing the applicant with an opportunity to respond to communications from the competent authorities, to contest any initial refusal, and to make a judicial appeal of any final refusal to register a trademark;

　　（a）书面告知申请人驳回商标注册的理由，可通过电子方式；

(c)　　providing an opportunity to oppose the registration of a trademark and an opportunity to seek cancellation¹² of a trademark through, at a minimum, administrative procedures; and

　　（c）提供对商标注册提出异议或寻求注销¹²商标的机会，至少是通过行政程序；以及

¹²For greater certainty, cancellation for the purposes of this Section may be implemented through a nullification or revocation proceeding.

¹²为进一步明确，就本节而言，注销可通过宣告无效或撤销程序实现。

(d)　　requiring administrative decisions in opposition and cancellation proceedings to be reasoned and in writing, which may be provided by electronic means.

　　（d）要求异议和注销程序中的行政决定说明理由并采取书面形式，可通过电子方式。

Article 20.23: Electronic Trademarks System

第20.23条　商标电子系统

　　　Further to Article 20.9.3 (Transparency), each Party shall provide a:

　　在第20.9条（透明度）第3款的基础上，每一缔约方应提供：

(a)　　system for the electronic application for, and maintenance of, trademarks; and

　　（a）商标电子申请和维持系统；以及

(b)　　publicly available electronic information system, including an online database, of trademark applications and of registered trademarks.

　　（b）可公开获得的电子信息系统，包括商标申请和已注册商标的在线数据库。

Article 20.24: Classification of Goods and Services

第20.24条　货物和服务的分类

　　　Each Party shall adopt or maintain a trademark classification system that is consistent with the Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks, done at Nice, June 15, 1957, as revised and amended (Nice Classification). Each Party shall provide that:

　　每一缔约方应采取或设立与1957年6月15日订于尼斯并经修订和修正的《商标注册用货物与服务国际分类尼斯协定》（尼斯分类）相一致的商标分类系统。每一缔约方应规定：

(a)　　registrations and the publications of applications indicate the goods and services by their names, grouped according to the classes established by the Nice Classification;¹³ and

　　（a）在注册和申请公告中标明货物和服务的名称，并根据尼斯分类所确定的类别进行分组；¹³及

¹³A Party that relies on translations of the Nice Classification shall follow updated versions of the Nice Classification to the extent that official translations have been issued and published.

¹³依靠尼斯分类译本的一缔约方在官方译本已发布和出版的情况下应遵循尼斯分类的更新版本。

(b)　　goods or services may not be considered as being similar to each other on the ground that, in any registration or publication, they are classified in the same class of the Nice Classification. Conversely, each Party shall provide that goods or services may not be considered as being dissimilar from each other on the ground that, in any registration or publication, they are classified in different classes of the Nice Classification.

　　（b）货物或服务不得以在任何注册或公告中归入尼斯分类的同一类别为由而被视为彼此相似。相反，每一缔约方应规定货物或服务不得以在任何注册或公告中归入尼斯分类的不同类别为由而被视为彼此相异。

Article 20.25: Term of Protection for Trademarks

第20.25条　商标保护期

　　　Each Party shall provide that initial registration and each renewal of registration of a trademark is for a term of no less than 10 years.

　　每一缔约方应规定商标的初始注册和每次续展的有效期不少于10年。

Article 20.26: Non-Recordal of a License

第20.26条　不以许可备案为前提

　　　No Party shall require recordal of trademark licenses:

　　缔约方均不得要求商标许可备案：

(a)　　to establish the validity of the licenses; or

　　（a）以确立许可的有效性；或

(b)　　as a condition for use of a trademark by a licensee to be deemed to constitute use by the holder in a proceeding that relates to the acquisition, maintenance, or enforcement of trademarks.

　　（b）在与商标的获取、维持和实施有关的程序中，作为被许可人使用商标视为持有人使用的条件。

Article 20.27: Domain Names

第20.27条　域名

1.　　In connection with each Party’s system for the management of its country-code top-level domain (ccTLD) domain names, the following shall be available:

　　1．针对每一缔约方的国家顶级域名（ccTLD）管理制度中的域名，应依照每一缔约的方法律以及，如适用，有关保护隐私和个人数据的相关管理员政策，提供下列各项：

(a)　　an appropriate procedure for the settlement of disputes that, based on, or modelled along the same lines as, the principles established in the Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy, or that:

　　（a）以《统一域名争议解决政策》所建立的原则为基础或仿照类似方法的争端解决的适当程序，或者具备下列特征的争端解决的适当程序：

(i)　is designed to resolve disputes expeditiously and at low cost,

　　（i）旨在迅速且低成本地解决争端；

(ii)　is fair and equitable,

　　（ii）公平合理的；

(iii)　is not overly burdensome, and

　　（iii）不过度繁琐；

(iv)　does not preclude resort to judicial proceedings; and

　　（iv）不排除诉诸司法程序的可能性；以及

(b)　　online public access to a reliable and accurate database of contact information concerning domain name registrants,

　　（b）在线公开访问有关域名注册人联系信息的可靠准确的数据库。

in accordance with each Party’s law and, if applicable, relevant administrator policies regarding protection of privacy and personal data.

2.　　In connection with each Party’s system for the management of ccTLD domain names, appropriate remedies¹⁴ shall be available at least in cases in which a person registers or holds, with a bad faith intent to profit, a domain name that is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark.

　　2．针对每一缔约方的ccTLD管理制度中的域名，适当的救济¹⁴应至少可用于一人以恶意营利为目的注册或持有与一商标相同或混淆性相似的域名的情况。

¹⁴The Parties understand that those remedies may, but need not, include revocation, cancellation, transfer, damages, or injunctive relief.

¹⁴缔约方理解，此类救济可但并非必须包括撤销、取消、转让、损害赔偿或禁令救济。

Section D:
Country Names

D节：国名

Article 20.28: Country Names

第20.28条　国名

　　　Each Party shall provide the legal means for interested persons to prevent commercial use of the country name of a Party in relation to a good in a manner that misleads consumers as to the origin of that good.

　　每一缔约方应为利害关系人提供法律手段，以防止以使消费者对货物来源产生误解的方式对一货物商业性使用一缔约方的国名。

Section E:
Geographical Indications

E节：地理标志

Article 20.29: Recognition of Geographical Indications

第20.29条　地理标志的承认

　　　The Parties recognize that geographical indications may be protected through a trademark or a sui generis system or other legal means.

　　缔约方认识到地理标志可通过商标或专门制度或其他法律手段加以保护。

Article 20.30: Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications

第20.30条　保护或承认地理标志的行政程序

　　　If a Party provides administrative procedures for the protection or recognition of geographical indications, whether through a trademark or a sui generis system, with respect to applications for that protection or petitions for that recognition, that Party shall:

　　如一缔约方规定保护或承认地理标志的行政程序，无论通过商标还是通过专门制度，则对于该保护的申请或承认的请求，该缔约方应：

(a)　　accept those applications or petitions without requiring intercession by a Party on behalf of its nationals;¹⁵

　　（a）接受申请或请求而不要求一缔约方代表其国民介入；¹⁵

¹⁵This subparagraph also applies to judicial procedures that protect or recognize a geographical indication.

¹⁵本项也适用于保护或承认地理标志的司法程序。

(b)　　process those applications or petitions without imposing overly burdensome formalities;

　　（b）在处理申请或请求时不施加过于繁琐的手续；

(c)　　ensure that its laws and regulations governing the filing of those applications or petitions are readily available to the public and clearly set out the procedures for these actions;

　　（c）保证其管理提交申请或请求的法律法规可使公众容易获得且明确列出申请或请求的程序；

(d)　　make available information sufficient to allow the general public to obtain guidance concerning the procedures for filing applications or petitions and the processing of those applications or petitions in general; and allow an applicant, a petitioner, or their representative to ascertain the status of specific applications and petitions;

　　（d）提供充充信息，使公众能够获得有关提交申请或请求程序和处理申请或请求的一般指导；且使申请人、请求人或其代表能够确定具体申请和请求的状态；

(e)　　require that applications or petitions may specify particular translation or transliteration for which protection is being sought;

　　（e）要求申请或请求指明寻求保护的特定意译或字译；

(f)　　examine applications or petitions;

　　（f）审查申请或请求；

(g)　　ensure that those applications or petitions are published for opposition and provide procedures for opposing geographical indications that are the subject of applications or petitions;

　　（g）确保公布这些申请或请求以供相关方提出异议，并为作为申请或请求主题的地理标志规定异议程序；

(h)　　provide a reasonable period of time during which an interested person may oppose the application or petition;

　　（h）提供一段合理的时间，以让利害关系人在此期间对申请或请求提出异议；

(i)　　require that administrative decisions in opposition proceedings be reasoned and in writing, which may be provided by electronic means;

　　（i）要求对异议程序中的行政决定以书面形式说明理由，也可以通过电子方式提供；

(j)　　require that administrative decisions in cancellation proceedings be reasoned and in writing, which may be provided by electronic means; and

　　（j）要求对撤销程序中的行政决定以书面形式说明理由，也可以通过电子方式提供；以及

(k)　　provide for cancellation¹⁶ of the protection or recognition afforded to a geographical indication.

　　（k）规定对给予地理标志的保护或承认予以注销¹⁶。

¹⁶For greater certainty, for the purposes of this Section, cancellation may be implemented through nullification or revocation proceedings.

¹⁶为进一步明确，就本节而言，注销可通过宣告无效或撤销程序加以实施。

Article 20.31: Grounds of Denial, Opposition, and Cancellation¹⁷

第20.31条　拒绝、异议和注销的理由¹⁷

¹⁷A Party is not required to apply this Article to geographical indications for wines and spirits or to applications or petitions for those geographical indications.

¹⁷一缔约方无需将本条适用于葡萄酒和烈酒的地理标志或这些地理标志的申请或请求。

1.　　If a Party protects or recognizes a geographical indication through the procedures referred to in Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications), that Party shall provide procedures that allow interested persons to object to the protection or recognition of a geographical indication, and that allow for that protection or recognition to be refused or otherwise not afforded, at least, on the grounds that the geographical indication is:

　　1．如一缔约方通过第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）中所指的程序对地理标志进行保护或承认，则该缔约方应规定允许利害关系人对一地理标志的保护或承认提出异议的程序，并规定至少根据下列理由允许拒绝或不给予该保护或承认的程序，该地理标志：

(a)　　likely to cause confusion with a trademark that is the subject of a pre-existing good faith pending application or registration in the territory of the Party;

　　（a）有可能与属在该缔约方领土内待审查的在先善意申请或注册的客体的一商标产生混淆；

(b)　　likely to cause confusion with a pre-existing trademark, the rights to which have been acquired in accordance with the Party’s law; and

　　（b）有可能与依照该缔约方法律已获权利的在先商标产生混淆；以及

(c)　　a term customary in common language as the common name^18,19,20 for the relevant good in the territory of the Party.

　　（c）以通用语言中的惯用名称表示的该缔约方领土内相关货物的通用名称^18,19,20；

¹⁸If a Party refuses to protect or recognize a compound geographical indication on the grounds that an individual term of that geographical indication is the common name for the relevant good in the territory of a Party, the Party may withdraw its refusal of protection or recognition if the applicant or registrant agrees to disclaim any claim of exclusive rights to the particular individual term that was the basis for the refusal.

¹⁸如一缔约方以一复合地理标志中的单个名称是一缔约方领土内相关商品的通用名称为由拒绝保护或承认该地理标志，当申请人或注册人同意放弃主张作为驳回依据的该单个名称的任何专有权时，则该缔约方可以撤回其拒绝保护或承认的决定。

¹⁹For greater certainty, if a Party provides for the procedures in Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications) and this Article to be applied to geographical indications for wines and spirits or applications or petitions for those geographical indications, that Party is not required to protect or recognize a geographical indication of any other Party with respect to products of the vine for which the relevant indication is identical with the customary name of a grape variety existing in the territory of that Party.

¹⁹为进一步明确，如一缔约方规定将第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）和本条中的程序适用于葡萄酒和烈酒的地理标志或适用于对这些地理标志的申请或请求，该缔约方不被要求保护或承认与其领土内存在的葡萄品种通用名称相同的任何其他缔约方关于葡萄产品的一地理标志。

²⁰For greater certainty, a term customary in common language as the common name may refer to a single-component term or individual components of a multi-component term.

²⁰为进一步明确，作为通用名称的通用语言中的惯用名称可能指的是单一名称或复合名称中的单个部分。

2.　　If a Party has protected or recognized a geographical indication through the procedures referred to in Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications), that Party shall provide procedures that allow for interested persons to seek the cancellation of a geographical indication, and that allow for the protection or recognition to be cancelled, at least, on the grounds listed in paragraph 1. A Party may provide that the grounds listed in paragraph 1 apply as of the time of filing the request for protection or recognition of a geographical indication in the territory of the Party.²¹

　　2．如一缔约方通过第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）中所指的程序已经对地理标志进行保护或承认，则该缔约方应规定允许利害关系人寻求注销该地理标志的程序，并规定至少根据第1款中所列理由允许注销该保护或承认的程序。一缔约方可规定，第1款中所列理由应于在其领土内提交保护或承认地理标志的请求时即适用。²¹

²¹For greater certainty, if the grounds listed in paragraph 1 did not exist in a Party’s law as of the time of filing of the request for protection or recognition of a geographical indication under Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications), that Party is not required to apply those grounds for the purposes of paragraphs 2 or 4 of this Article in relation to that geographical indication.

²¹为进一步明确，如在根据第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）提交对一地理标志进行保护或承认的请求时，一缔约方法律中不存在第1款中所列理由，则就本条第2款或第4款而言，该缔约方无需对该地理标志适用这些理由。

3.　　No Party shall preclude the possibility that the protection or recognition of a geographical indication may be cancelled, or otherwise cease, on the basis that the protected or recognized term has ceased meeting the conditions upon which the protection or recognition was originally granted in that Party.

　　3．任何缔约方不得根据受保护或承认的名称不再符合其在该缔约方最初被给予保护或承认的条件而排除注销或通过其他方式停止对地理标志的保护或承认的可能性。

4.　　If a Party has in place a sui generis system for protecting unregistered geographical indications by means of judicial procedures, that Party shall provide that its judicial authorities have the authority to deny the protection or recognition of a geographical indication if any circumstance identified in paragraph 1 has been established.²² That Party shall also provide a process that allows interested persons to commence a proceeding on the grounds identified in paragraph 1.

　　4．如一缔约方设有通过司法程序保护未注册地理标志的专门制度，则该缔约方应规定如其司法机构确定已发生第1款中所指的情况则有权拒绝对一地理标志给予保护或承认。²²该缔约方还应规定允许利害关系人根据第1款中所确定的理由提起诉讼的程序。

²²As an alternative to this paragraph, if a Party has in place a sui generis system of the type referred to in this paragraph as of the applicable date under Article 20.35.6 (International Agreements), that Party shall at least provide that its judicial authorities have the authority to deny the protection or recognition of a geographical indication if the circumstances identified in paragraph 1(c) have been established.

²²作为对本款的替代，如一缔约方截至第20.35条（国际协定）第6款下的适用日期已设有本款所述类型的专门制度，则该缔约方至少应规定，如已确定存在第1款（c）项中所确定的情况，则其司法机关有权拒绝保护或承认一地理标志。

5.　　If a Party provides protection or recognition of a geographical indication through the procedures referred to in Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications) to the translation or transliteration of that geographical indication, that Party shall make available procedures that are equivalent to, and grounds that are the same as, those referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 with respect to that translation or transliteration.

　　5．如一缔约方规定通过第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）中所指的程序对一地理标志的意译或字译提供对该地理标志的保护或承认，则该缔约方应对该意译或字译提供与第1款和第2款中所指的等同的程序和相同的理由。

Article 20.32: Guidelines for Determining Whether a Term is the Term Customary in the Common Language

第20.32条　确定一名称是否属通用语言中惯用名称的指南

　　　With respect to the procedures in Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications) and Article 20.31 (Grounds of Denial, Opposition, and Cancellation), in determining whether a term is the term customary in common language as the common name for the relevant good in the territory of a Party, that Party’s authorities shall have the authority to take into account how consumers understand the term in the territory of that Party. Factors relevant to that consumer understanding may include:

　　对于第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）和第20.31条（拒绝、异议和注销的理由）中的程序，在确定一名称是否属一缔约方领土内通用语言中的惯用名称作为相关货物的通用名称时，该缔约方主管机关应有权考虑在该缔约方领土内消费者如何理解该名称。与消费者理解相关的因素可包括：

(a)　　whether the term is used to refer to the type of good in question, as indicated by competent sources such as dictionaries, newspapers, and relevant websites;

　　（a）如字典、报纸和相关网站等权威来源所示，该名称是否用于指代所涉货物类型；

(b)　　how the good referenced by the term is marketed and used in trade in the territory of that Party;

　　（b）由该名称所指代的货物在该缔约方领土内的贸易过程中如何销售和使用；

(c)　　whether the term is used, as appropriate, in relevant international standards recognized by the Parties to refer to a type or class of good in the territory of the Party, such as pursuant to a standard promulgated by the Codex Alimentarius; and

　　（c）该名称是否在缔约方认可的相关国际标准中，例如根据《食品法典》颁布的标准中，若适用，用于指代该缔约方领土内的货物类型或类别；以及

(d)　　whether the good in question is imported into the Party’s territory, in significant quantities,²³ from a place other than the territory identified in the application or petition, and whether those imported goods are named by the term.

　　（d）所涉货物是否从申请或请求中指明的领土以外的地方大量²³进口到缔约方领土，以及这些进口货物是否以该名称命名。

²³In determining whether the good in question is imported in significant quantities, a Party may consider the amount of importation at the time of the application or petition.

²³在确定所涉货物是否大量进口时，一缔约方可在申请或请求时考虑进口数量。

Article 20.33: Multi-Component Terms

第20.33条　复合名称

　　　With respect to the procedures in Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications) and Article 20.31 (Grounds of Denial, Opposition, and Cancellation), an individual component of a multi-component term that is protected as a geographical indication in the territory of a Party shall not be protected in that Party if that individual component is a term customary in the common language as the common name for the associated good.

　　对于第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）和第20.31条（拒绝、异议和注销的理由）中的程序，如在一缔约方领土内属受保护的地理标志的一复合名称的单独组成部分是作为有关货物通用名称的通用语言中的一惯用名称，则该组成部分不得在该缔约方内受到保护。

Article 20.34: Date of Protection of a Geographical Indication

第20.34条　地理标志的保护日期

　　　If a Party grants protection or recognition to a geographical indication through the procedures referred to in Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications), that protection or recognition shall commence no earlier than the filing date²⁴ in the Party or the registration date in the Party, as applicable.

　　如一缔约方通过第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）中所指的程序对一地理标志给予保护或承认，则该保护或承认不得早于在该缔约方的申请日期²⁴或在该缔约方的注册日期（如适用）开始。

²⁴For greater certainty, the filing date referred to in this paragraph includes, as applicable, the priority filing date under the Paris Convention. No Party shall use the date of protection in a country of origin of a geographical indication to establish a priority date in the territory of the Party, unless filed within the Paris Convention priority period.

²⁴为进一步明确，本款中所指的申请日期，如适用，包括《巴黎公约》规定的优先权申请日。缔约方不应使用地理标志来源国的保护日期确立在该缔约方领土内的优先权日，除非在《巴黎公约》规定的优先权期限内已申请。

Article 20.35: International Agreements

第20.35条　国际协定

1.　　If a Party protects or recognizes a geographical indication pursuant to an international agreement, as of the applicable date under paragraph 6, involving a Party or a non-Party and that geographical indication is not protected through the procedures referred to in Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications)²⁵ or Article 20.31 (Grounds of Denial, Opposition, and Cancellation), that Party at least shall apply procedures and grounds that are equivalent to those in Article 20.30(f), (g), (h), and (i) (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications) and Article 20.31.1 (Grounds of Denial, Opposition, and Cancellation), as well as:

　　1．如一缔约方截至第6款下的适用日期之时，根据涉及一缔约方或一非缔约方的国际协定保护或承认一地理标志，且该地理标志未通过第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）²⁵或第20.31条（拒绝、异议和撤销的理由）中所指的程序予以保护，则该缔约方应至少适用等同于第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）第（f）、（g）、（h）和（i）项以及第20.31条（拒绝、异议和撤销的理由）第1款中的程序和理由，且：

²⁵Each Party shall apply Article 20.32 (Guidelines for Determining Whether a Term is the Term Customary in the Common Language) and Article 20.33 (Multi-Component Terms) in determining whether to grant protection or recognition of a geographical indication pursuant to this paragraph.

²⁵每一缔约方应确定是否根据本款对一地理标志给予保护或承认时适用第20.32条（确定一名称是否属通用语言中惯用名称的指南）和第20.33条（复合名称）。

(a)　　make available information sufficient to allow the general public to obtain guidance concerning the procedures for protecting or recognizing the geographical indication and allow interested persons to ascertain the status of requests for protection or recognition;

　　（a）提供充分信息，使公众获得有关地理标志保护或承认程序的指导，并使利害关系人能够确定保护或承认请求的状态；

(b)　　to publish online details regarding the terms that the Party is considering protecting or recognizing through an international agreement involving a Party or a non-Party, including specifying whether the protection or recognition is being considered for any translations or transliterations of those terms, and with respect to multi-component terms, specifying the components, if any, for which protection or recognition is being considered, or the components that are disclaimed;

　　（b）在线发布有关该缔约方正在考虑通过涉及一缔约方或非缔约方的国际协定保护或承认的名称的细节，包括详细说明是否正在考虑保护或承认此类名称的意译或直译；关于复合名称（如有），详细说明正在考虑保护或承认的部分，或不受保护或承认的组成部分；

(c)　　in respect of opposition procedures, provide a reasonable period of time for interested persons to oppose the protection or recognition of the terms referred to in subparagraph (b). That period shall allow for a meaningful opportunity for any interested person to participate in an opposition process; and

　　（c）关于异议程序，为利害关系人提供一段合理的时间，以对（b）项中的名称的保护或承认提出异议。该期限应为利害关系人提供参与异议程序的有意义的机会；以及

(d)　　inform the other Parties of the opportunity to oppose, no later than the commencement of the opposition period.

　　（d）不迟于该异议日期开始时，通知其他缔约方有机会提出异议。

2.　　In respect of international agreements referred to in paragraph 6 that permit the protection or recognition of a new geographical indication, a Party shall:^26,27

　　2．对于第6款中所指的允许保护或承认一新地理标志的国际协定，一缔约方应：^26,27

²⁶In respect of an international agreement referred to in paragraph 6 that has geographical indications that have been identified, but have not yet received protection or recognition in the territory of the Party that is a party to that agreement, that Party may fulfil the obligations of paragraph 2 by complying with the obligations of paragraph 1.

²⁶对于第6款中所指的一国际协定，如其包含已确定但尚未在属该协定一参加方的缔约方领土内获得保护或承认的地理标志，则该缔约方可通过遵守第1款的义务以履行第2款的义务。

²⁷A Party may comply with this Article by applying Article 20.30 (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications) and Article 20.31 (Grounds of Denial, Opposition, and Cancellation).

²⁷一缔约方可通过适用第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）和第20.31条（拒绝、异议和注销的理由）以遵守本条。

(a)　　apply paragraph 1(b) and apply at least procedures and grounds that are equivalent to those in Article 20.30(f), (g), (h), and (i) (Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications) and Article 20.31.1 (Grounds of Denial, Opposition, and Cancellation);

　　（a）适用第1款（b）项，且至少适用等同于第20.30条（保护或承认地理标志的行政程序）第（f）、（g）、（h）和（i）项以及第20.31条（拒绝、异议和撤销的理由）第1款的程序和理由；

(b)　　provide an opportunity for interested persons to comment regarding the protection or recognition of the new geographical indication for a reasonable period of time before that term is protected or recognized; and

　　（b）在该名称获得保护或承认前的一合理期限内，向利害关系人提供对该新地理标志的保护或承认进行评论的机会；以及

(c)　　inform the other Parties of the opportunity to comment, no later than the commencement of the period for comment.

　　（c）不迟于评论期开始之时，将评论的机会告知其他缔约方。

3.　　For the purposes of this Article, a Party shall not preclude the possibility that the protection or recognition of a geographical indication could cease.

　　3．就本条而言，一缔约方不得排除终止保护或承认一地理标志的可能性。

4.　　For the purposes of this Article, a Party is not required to apply Article 20.31 (Grounds of Denial, Opposition, and Cancellation), or obligations equivalent to Article 20.31, to geographical indications for wines and spirits or applications for those geographical indications.

　　4．就本条而言，一缔约方无需将第20.31条（拒绝、异议和注销的理由）或等同于第20.31条的义务适用于葡萄酒和烈酒的地理标志或这些地理标志的申请。

5.　　The protection or recognition that each Party provides pursuant to paragraph 1 shall commence no earlier than the date on which that agreement enters into force or, if that Party grants that protection or recognition on a date after the entry into force of that agreement, on that later date.

　　5．根据第1款提供的保护或承认不得早于该协定的生效日期开始，或如缔约方在该协定生效之后的一日期给予保护或承认，则不得早于该稍晚日期开始。

6.　　No Party shall be required to apply this Article to geographical indications that have been specifically identified in, and that are protected or recognized pursuant to, an international agreement involving a Party or a non-Party, provided that the agreement:

　　6．任何缔约方无需将本条适用于已经涉及一缔约方或一非缔约方的一国际协定特别确定并根据该协定予以保护或承认的地理标志，只要该协定：

(a)　　was concluded, or agreed in principle,²⁸ prior to the date of conclusion, or agreement in principle, of this Agreement;

　　（a）在本协定缔结或原则达成一致之日前已经缔结或原则达成一致²⁸；

²⁸For the purpose of this Article, an agreement “agreed in principle” means an agreement involving another government, government entity, or international organization in respect of which a political understanding has been reached and the negotiated outcomes of the agreement have been publically announced.

²⁸就本条而言，“原则达成一致”的协定指涉及另一政府、政府实体或国际组织的一协定，对该协定已达成政治谅解且协定的谈判结果已经公开宣布。

(b)　　was ratified by a Party prior to the date of ratification of this Agreement by that Party; or

　　（b）在一缔约方批准本协定之日前已经该缔约方批准；或

(c)　　entered into force for a Party prior to the date of entry into force of this Agreement.

　　（c）在本协定生效之日前已对一缔约方生效。

Section F:
Patents and Undisclosed Test or Other Data

F节：专利和未披露的试验或其他数据

Subsection A: General Patents

A小节：普通专利

Article 20.36: Patentable Subject Matter

第20.36条　可授予专利的客体

1.　　Subject to paragraphs 2 and 3, each Party shall make patents available for any invention, whether a product or process, in all fields of technology, provided that the invention is new, involves an inventive step, and is capable of industrial application.²⁹

　　1．在遵守第2款和第3款的前提下，每一缔约方应保证所有技术领域的任何发明，无论是产品还是方法，均可授予专利，只要此类发明具有新颖性、包含创造性步骤且可供工业应用。²⁹

²⁹For the purposes of this Section, a Party may deem the terms “inventive step” and “capable of industrial application” to be synonymous with the terms “non-obvious” and “useful”, respectively. In determinations regarding inventive step, or non-obviousness, each Party shall consider whether the claimed invention would have been obvious to a person skilled in the art, or having ordinary skill in the art, having regard to the prior art.

²⁹就本节而言，缔约方可认为“创造性步骤”和“可供工业应用”两个用语分别与“非显而易见性”和“实用性”两个用语的含义相同。在认定创造性步骤或非显而易见性时， 每一缔约方应考虑申请专利的发明对于相关技术领域具有一般技术的人员来说是否是显而易见的，并注意到现有技术。

2.　　A Party may exclude from patentability inventions, the prevention within their territory of the commercial exploitation of which is necessary to protect ordre public or morality, including to protect human, animal, or plant life or health or to avoid serious prejudice to nature or the environment, provided that such exclusion is not made merely because the exploitation is prohibited by its law. A Party may also exclude from patentability:

　　2．一缔约方可拒绝对某些发明授予专利权，如在其领土内阻止对此类发明的商业利用是维护公共秩序或道德，包括保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康，或避免对自然或环境造成严重损害所必需的，只要此种拒绝授予并非仅因为此种利用为其法律法规所禁止。一缔约方还可拒绝对下列内容授予专利：

(a)　　diagnostic, therapeutic, and surgical methods for the treatment of humans or animals;

　　（a）医治人类或动物的诊断、治疗和外科手术方法；以及

(b)　　animals other than microorganisms, and essentially biological processes for the production of plants or animals, other than non-biological and microbiological processes.

　　（b）除微生物外的动物，以及除非生物学方法和微生物学方法外的生产植物和动物的实质生物学方法。

3.　　A Party may also exclude from patentability plants other than microorganisms. However, consistent with paragraph 1 and subject to paragraph 2, each Party confirms that patents are available at least for inventions that are derived from plants.

　　3．一缔约方也有权拒绝授予植物专利权，但微生物除外。但在与第1款相一致并在遵守第2款的前提下，每一缔约方确认，专利至少可授予源自于植物的发明。

Article 20.37: Grace Period

第20.37条　宽限期

　　　Each Party shall disregard at least information contained in public disclosures used to determine if an invention is novel or has an inventive step, if the public disclosure:³⁰

　　每一缔约方在确定某一发明是否具有新颖性或是否包含创造性步骤时，至少不得考虑已公开披露的信息，如此类公开披露：³⁰

³⁰For greater certainty, a Party may limit the application of this Article to disclosures made by, or obtained directly or indirectly from, the inventor or joint inventor. For greater certainty, a Party may provide that, for the purposes of this Article, information obtained directly or indirectly from the patent applicant may be information contained in the public disclosure that was authorized by, or derived from, the patent applicant.

³⁰为进一步明确，一缔约方可将本条的适用限于发明者或共同发明者作出的或从其直接或间接获得的披露。为进一步明确，一缔约方可规定，就本条而言，从专利申请人处直接或间接获得的信息可是专利申请人授权或源于专利申请人的公开披露中包含的信息。

(a)　　was made by the patent applicant or by a person that obtained the information directly or indirectly from the patent applicant; and

　　（a）是由专利申请人所为或从专利申请人处直接或间接获取信息的人所为；以及

(b)　　occurred within twelve months prior to the filing date in the territory of the Party.

　　（b）发生在该缔约方领土内的申请日之前12个月内。

Article 20.38: Patent Revocation

第20.38条　专利撤销

1.　　Each Party shall provide that a patent may be cancelled, revoked, or nullified only on grounds that would have justified a refusal to grant the patent. A Party may also provide that fraud, misrepresentation, or inequitable conduct may be the basis for cancelling, revoking, or nullifying a patent or holding a patent unenforceable.

　　1．每一缔约方应规定，只有基于可拒绝专利授权的事由，方可注销、撤销专利或宣告专利无效。一缔约方也可规定，欺诈、虚假陈述或不公正行为可能导致专利被注销、撤销、宣告无效或不可执行。

2.　　Notwithstanding paragraph 1, a Party may provide that a patent may be revoked, provided it is done in a manner consistent with Article 5A of the Paris Convention and the TRIPS Agreement.

　　2．尽管有本条第1款的规定，但是一缔约方仍可规定撤销专利，只要以与《巴黎公约》第5A条和《TRIPS协定》相一致的方式规定。

Article 20.39: Exceptions

第20.39条　例外

　　　A Party may provide limited exceptions to the exclusive rights conferred by a patent, provided that those exceptions do not unreasonably conflict with a normal exploitation of the patent and do not unreasonably prejudice the legitimate interests of the patent owner, taking account of the legitimate interests of third parties.

　　一缔约方可以规定专利专有权的有限的例外，只要在顾及第三方合法利益的前提下，该例外不会不合理地与专利的正常利用相冲突，也不会不合理地损害专利所有人的合法权益。

Article 20.40: Other Use Without Authorization of the Right Holder

第20.40条　未经权利持有人授权的其他使用

　　　The Parties understand that nothing in this Chapter limits a Party’s rights and obligations under Article 31 of the TRIPS Agreement, and any waiver of or amendment to that Article that the Parties accept.

　　缔约方理解，本章并不限制缔约方在《TRIPS协定》第31条下的权利和义务，也不限制该缔约方接受的对该条的任何豁免或者修改。

Article 20.41: Amendments, Corrections, and Observations

第20.41条　修正、更正和陈述意见

　　　Each Party shall provide a patent applicant with at least one opportunity to make amendments, corrections, and observations in connection with its application.³¹

　　每一缔约方应为专利申请人提供至少一次对其专利申请进行修改、更正和陈述意见的机会。³¹

³¹A Party may provide that those amendments or corrections must not exceed the scope of the disclosure of the invention, as of the filing date.

³¹一缔约方可规定，自申请日起，这些修改或更正不得超出发明的公开范围。

Article 20.42: Publication of Patent Applications

第20.42条　专利申请的公布

1.　　Recognizing the benefits of transparency in the patent system, each Party shall endeavor to publish unpublished pending patent applications promptly after the expiration of 18 months from the filing date or, if priority is claimed, from the earliest priority date.

　　1．认识到透明度在专利制度中的积极作用，每一缔约方应努力在专利申请日或最早的优先权（如存在优先权主张）起18个月后迅速公布尚未公布的未决专利申请。

2.　　If a pending application is not published promptly in accordance with paragraph 1, a Party shall publish that application or the corresponding patent, as soon as practicable.

　　2．如未决申请未依照第1款迅速公布，一缔约方应尽可能快地公布该申请或相应专利。

3.　　Each Party shall provide that an applicant may request the early publication of an application prior to the expiration of the period referred to in paragraph 1.

　　3．每一缔约方应规定，申请人可请求在第1款所述期限届满之前提前公布其申请

Article 20.43: Information Relating to Published Patent Applications and Granted Patents

第20.43条　与已公布专利申请和授权专利有关的信息

　　　For published patent applications and granted patents, and in accordance with the Party’s requirements for prosecution of those applications and patents, each Party shall make available to the public at least the following information, to the extent that this information is in the possession of the competent authorities and is generated on, or after, the date of the entry into force of this Agreement:

　　对于已公布专利申请和已授权专利，依照缔约方管理此类专利申请和授权专利的规定，每一缔约方应向公众提供至少下列信息，只要此类信息由主管机关持有且产生于本协定对该缔约方生效之日或之后：

(a)　　search and examination results, including details of, or information related to, relevant prior art searches;

　　（a）检索和审查结果，包括相关现有技术检索的细节或相关信息；

(b)　　as appropriate, non-confidential communications from applicants; and

　　（b）如适当，申请人的非保密来文；以及

(c)　　patent and non-patent related literature citations submitted by applicants and relevant third parties.

　　（c）申请人和相关第三方提交的与专利或非专利相关的引用文献。

Article 20.44: Patent Term Adjustment for Unreasonable Granting Authority Delays

第20.44条　因专利局的延迟而调整专利保护期

1.　　Each Party shall make best efforts to process patent applications in an efficient and timely manner, with a view to avoiding unreasonable or unnecessary delays.

　　1．每一缔约方应尽最大努力及时有效地处理专利申请，以避免不合理或不必要的延迟。

2.　　A Party may provide procedures for a patent applicant to request to expedite the examination of its patent application.

　　2．一缔约方可为专利申请人提供加速审查其专利申请的程序。

3.　　If there are unreasonable delays in a Party’s issuance of a patent, that Party shall provide the means to, and at the request of the patent owner shall, adjust the term of the patent to compensate for those delays.

　　3．如一缔约方不合理地延迟授予专利，该缔约方应提供途径，并应专利所有人的请求，调整专利权的期限以补偿此类延迟。

4.　　For the purposes of this Article, an unreasonable delay at least shall include a delay in the issuance of a patent of more than five years from the date of filing of the application in the territory of the Party, or three years after a request for examination of the application has been made, whichever is later. A Party may exclude, from the determination of those delays, periods of time that do not occur during the processing³² of, or the examination of, the patent application by the granting authority; periods of time that are not directly attributable³³ to the granting authority; as well as periods of time that are attributable to the patent applicant.³⁴

　　4．就本条而言，不合理的延迟至少应包括自在该缔约方领土内提交申请之日起超过5年或者自请求审查专利之日起超过3年（以较后的日期为准）仍未授予专利。在确定此延迟时，一缔约方可将专利授权机关处理³²或审查专利申请过程之外的时间、不直接归因于³³专利授权机关的时间以及归因于专利申请人的时间排除在外。³⁴

³²For the purposes of this paragraph, a Party may interpret processing to mean initial administrative processing and administrative processing at the time of grant.

³²就本款而言，缔约方可将“处理”解释为初始行政处理程序和授权时的行政处理程序。

³³A Party may treat delays “that are not directly attributable to the granting authority” as delays that are outside the direction or control of the granting authority.

³³缔约方可将“不直接归因于授权机关的延迟”视为授权机关无法控制的延迟。

³⁴Notwithstanding Article 20.10 (Application of Chapter to Existing Subject Matter and Prior Acts), this Article shall apply to all patent applications filed after the date of entry into force of this Agreement, or the date two years after the signing of this Agreement, whichever is later.

³⁴尽管有第20.10条（本章对于现有客体和先前行为的适用）的规定，本条应适用于本协定对该缔约方生效日或本协定签署2周年日（以对该缔约方而言更晚的日期为准）以后提交的所有的专利申请。

Subsection B:
Measures Relating to Agricultural Chemical Products

B小节：与农用化学品相关的措施

Article 20.45: Protection of Undisclosed Test or Other Data for Agricultural Chemical Products

第20.45条　对农业化学品的未披露试验或其他数据的保护

1.　　If a Party requires, as a condition for granting marketing approval³⁵ for a new agricultural chemical product, the submission of undisclosed test or other data concerning the safety and efficacy of the product,³⁶ that Party shall not permit third persons, without the consent of the person that previously submitted that information, to market the same or a similar³⁷ product on the basis of that information or the marketing approval granted to the person that submitted that test or other data for at least 10 years³⁸ from the date of marketing approval of the new agricultural chemical product in the territory of the Party.

　　1．作为授予一新农业化学品上市许可³⁵的条件，如一缔约方要求提交关于该产品安全性和有效性的未披露试验或其他数据，³⁶则自该新农业化学品在该缔约方获得上市许可之日起至少10年³⁷内，该缔约方不得允许第三方未经先前提交此类信息的人的同意而上市销售基于该信息或授予提交该试验或其他数据的人的上市许可销售的相同或相似³⁸产品。

³⁵For the purposes of this Chapter, the term “marketing approval” is synonymous with “sanitary approval” under a Party’s law.

³⁵就本章而言，“上市许可”一词与缔约方法律中的“卫生许可”具有相同含义。

³⁶Each Party confirms that the obligations of this Article apply to cases in which the Party requires the submission of undisclosed test or other data concerning: (a) only the safety of the product, (b) only the efficacy of the product, or (c) both.

³⁶每一缔约方确认，本条的义务适用于缔约方要求提交以下未披露试验或其他数据的情况：（a）仅涉及产品的安全性，（b）仅涉及产品的有效性，或（c）同时涉及两者。

³⁷For greater certainty, for the purposes of this Section, an agricultural chemical product is “similar” to a previously approved agricultural chemical product if the marketing approval, or, in the alternative, the applicant’s request for that approval, of that similar agricultural chemical product is based upon the undisclosed test or other data concerning the safety and efficacy of the previously approved agricultural chemical product, or the prior approval of that previously approved product.

³⁸为进一步明确，就本节而言，如一农业化学品的上市许可或申请人的许可申请依据已获批上市的产品的安全性和有效性的未披露试验或其他数据，或是依据已获批上市的产品的在先许可，则该农业化学品与已获批上市农业化学品“相似”。

³⁸For greater certainty, a Party may limit the period of protection under this Article to 10 years.

³⁷为进一步明确，一缔约方可将本条下的保护期限定为10年。

2.　　If a Party permits, as a condition of granting marketing approval for a new agricultural chemical product, the submission of evidence of a prior marketing approval of the product in another territory, that Party shall not permit third persons, without the consent of the person that previously submitted undisclosed test or other data concerning the safety and efficacy of the product in support of that prior marketing approval, to market the same or a similar product based on that undisclosed test or other data, or other evidence of the prior marketing approval in the other territory, for at least 10 years from the date of marketing approval of the new agricultural chemical product in the territory of the Party.

　　2．作为批准一新农业化学品上市许可的条件，如一缔约方允许提交该产品在其他领土已获批上市许可的证据，则自该新农业化学品在该缔约方获得上市许可之日起至少10年内，该缔约方不得批准第三方未经先前提交关于产品安全性和有效性的未披露试验或其他数据以支持其获得上市许可的人的同意而基于该未披露试验或其他数据或在其他领土获得在先上市许可的证据上市销售相同或相似产品。

3.　　For the purposes of this Article, a new agricultural chemical product is one that contains a chemical entity that has not been previously approved in the territory of the Party for use in an agricultural chemical product.

　　3．就本条而言，新农业化学品指包含此前从未在该缔约方领土内被批准用于农业化学品的化学成分的农业化学品。

Subsection C:
Measures Relating to Pharmaceutical Products

C小节：与药品相关的措施

Article 20.46: Patent Term Adjustment for Unreasonable Curtailment

第20.46条　因不合理缩短而调整专利保护期

1.　　Each Party shall make best efforts to process applications for marketing approval of pharmaceutical products in an efficient and timely manner, with a view to avoiding unreasonable or unnecessary delays.

　　1．每一缔约方应尽最大努力及时有效地处理药品的上市许可申请，以避免不合理或不必要的延迟。

2.　　With respect to a pharmaceutical product that is subject to a patent, each Party shall make available an adjustment³⁹ of the patent term to compensate the patent owner for unreasonable curtailment of the effective patent term as a result of the marketing approval process.

　　2．对于受专利保护的药品，每一缔约方应保证调整³⁹专利保护期的可能性，以补偿专利所有人因上市许可程序导致的专利保护期的不合理缩短。

³⁹For greater certainty, a Party may alternatively make available a period of additional sui generis protection to compensate for unreasonable curtailment of the effective patent term as a result of the marketing approval process. The sui generis protection must confer the rights conferred by the patent, subject to any conditions and limitations pursuant to paragraph 3.

³⁹为进一步明确，缔约方可提供额外的专门保护期，以补偿因上市许可程序而导致的专利有效期的不合理缩短。在遵守第3款的条件和限制的前提下，该专门保护应授予专利所授予的权利。

3.　　For greater certainty, in implementing the obligations of this Article, each Party may provide for conditions and limitations, provided that the Party continues to give effect to this Article.⁴⁰

　　3．为进一步明确，在实施本条义务时，只要继续使本条的规定生效，每一缔约方可规定一些条件和限制。⁴⁰

⁴⁰Such conditions and limitations with respect to paragraph 3 may include, among other things:

⁴⁰就第3款而言，此类条件和限制，除其他外，包括：

(i) limiting the applicability of paragraph 2 to a single patent term adjustment for each pharmaceutical product that has been granted marketing approval;

（i）将第2款的适用限于每种已获得上市许可的药品的单次专利期调整；

(ii) requiring the adjustment to be based on the first marketing approval granted to the pharmaceutical product in that Party;

（ii）要求调整基于药品在该缔约方首次获得的上市许可；

(iii) limiting the period of the adjustment to a maximum of 5 years; and

（iii）将调整期限限于最长5年；以及

(iv) if a Party makes available a period of additional sui generis protection, limiting the period of the additional sui generis protection to a maximum of 2 years.

（iv）如一缔约方提供额外的专门保护期限，将额外的专门保护期限限于最长2年。

4.　　With the objective of avoiding unreasonable curtailment of the effective patent term, a Party may adopt or maintain procedures that expedite the processing of marketing approval applications.

　　4．为避免专利有效保护期的不合理缩短，缔约方可采取或维持加速处理上市许可申请的程序。

Article 20.47: Regulatory Review Exception

第20.47条　监管审查例外

　　　Without prejudice to the scope of, and consistent with, Article 20.39 (Exceptions), each Party shall adopt or maintain a regulatory review exception for pharmaceutical products that permits a third person to make, use, sell, offer to sell, or import in the territory of that Party a product covered by a subsisting patent solely for purposes related to generating information to meet requirements for marketing approval for the product.

　　在不损害第20.39条（例外）的范围并与该条相一致的情况下，每一缔约方应对药品采取或维持监管审查例外，允许第三方，仅仅为了获得信息以满足该产品上市许可要求的目的，在该缔约方领土内制作、使用、销售、许诺销售或进口现有专利涵盖的产品。

Article 20.48: Protection of Undisclosed Test or Other Data

第20.48条　保护未披露试验或其他数据

1.　　(a)　　If a Party requires, as a condition for granting marketing approval for a new pharmaceutical product, the submission of undisclosed test or other data concerning the safety and efficacy of the product,⁴¹ that Party shall not permit third persons, without the consent of the person that previously submitted that information,⁴² to market the same or a similar⁴³ product on the basis of:

　　1．（a）作为授予某一新药上市许可的条件，如一缔约方要求提交关于产品安全性和有效性未披露试验或其他数据，⁴¹则自该新药在该缔约方领土内获得上市许可之日起至少5年内⁴²，该缔约方不得批准第三人未经先前提交此类信息的人的同意⁴³，基于

(i)　that information, or

　　（i）此类信息，或

(ii)　the marketing approval granted to the person that submitted that information,

　　（ii）提交此类信息的人获得的上市许可，

for at least five years⁴⁴ from the date of marketing approval of the new pharmaceutical product in the territory of the Party;⁴⁵

上市销售相同或相似⁴⁴产品；⁴⁵

⁴¹Each Party confirms that the obligations of this Article apply to cases in which the Party requires the submission of undisclosed test or other data concerning: (i) only the safety of the product, (ii) only the efficacy of the product, or (iii) both.

⁴¹每一缔约方确认，本条的义务适用于缔约方要求提交下列未披露试验或其他数据的情况：（i）仅涉及产品的安全性，（ii）仅涉及产品的有效性，或（iii）同时涉及两者。

⁴²For greater certainty, a Party may deem that such person has provided consent if, after that person is directly notified by a third person that an unexpired applicable patent claiming the approved product or its approved method of use is invalid or is not infringed by the product for which the third person is seeking marketing approval, an infringement action is not initiated against the third person with respect to the patent within 45 days of the notification.

⁴³为进一步明确，如在第三人直接通知先前提交此类信息的人已获批的产品或使用方法无效或第三方寻求上市许可的产品未侵犯其权利后45天内，第三方未被起诉侵权，则一缔约方可视先前提交此类信息的人已经同意。

⁴³For greater certainty, for the purposes of this Section, a pharmaceutical product is “similar” to a previously approved pharmaceutical product if the marketing approval, or, in the alternative, the applicant’s request for that approval, of that similar pharmaceutical product is based upon the undisclosed test or other data concerning the safety and efficacy of the previously approved pharmaceutical product, or the prior approval of that previously approved product.

⁴⁴为进一步明确，就本节而言，如一药品的上市许可或者申请人的许可申请是基于已获批上市产品安全性和有效性的未披露试验或其他数据，或是基于已获批上市产品的在先许可，则该药品与已获批药品“相似”。

⁴⁴For greater certainty, a Party may limit the period of protection under paragraph 1 to five years.

⁴²为进一步明确，缔约方可将第1款的保护期限定为5年。

⁴⁵For greater certainty, the Parties understand that the United States may comply with the obligations in subparagraph (a) with respect to “the same or a similar product” through 21 U.S.C. §§ 355(c)(3)(E)(ii) and 355(j)(5)(F)(ii), 42 U.S.C. § 262(k)(7), and the regulations implemented at 21 C.F.R. 314.

⁴⁵为进一步明确，缔约方理解，美国可通过《美国法典》第21编第355条（c）（3）（E）（ii）项和355条（j）（5）（F）（ii）项，第42编第262条（k）（7）项以及《美国联邦法规》第21编第314条遵守（a）项关于“相同或相似产品”的义务。

(b)　　If a Party permits, as a condition of granting marketing approval for a new pharmaceutical product, the submission of evidence of prior marketing approval of the product in another territory, that Party shall not permit third persons, without the consent of a person that previously submitted the information concerning the safety and efficacy of the product, to market a same or a similar product based on evidence relating to prior marketing approval in the other territory for at least five years from the date of marketing approval of the new pharmaceutical product in the territory of that Party.

　　（b）作为批准该新药上市许可的条件，如一缔约方允许提交药品在其他领土已获得上市许可的证据，则自该新药在该缔约方领土内获得上市许可之日起至少5年内，该缔约方不得批准第三方未经先前提交关于该产品安全性和有效性的信息的人的同意，基于与其他领土先前上市许可相关的证据而上市销售相同或相似产品。

2.　　Each Party shall apply paragraph 1, mutatis mutandis,⁴⁶ for a period of at least five years to new pharmaceutical products that contain a chemical entity that has not been previously approved in that Party.⁴⁷

　　2．每一缔约方应至少在5年内将第1款比照⁴⁶适用于包含先前尚未在该缔约方获得审批的化学成分的新药品。⁴⁷

⁴⁶A Party that provides a period of at least eight years of protection under paragraph 1 is not required to apply paragraph 2.

⁴⁶根据第1款提供至少8年保护期的缔约方不需要适用第2款。

⁴⁷For the purposes of paragraph 2, a Party may choose to protect only the undisclosed test or other data concerning the safety and efficacy relating to the chemical entity that has not been previously approved.

⁴⁷就第2款而言，一缔约方可选择仅保护有关未获批上市的化学成分的安全性和有效性的未披露试验或其他数据。

3.　　Notwithstanding paragraphs 1 and 2, a Party may take measures to protect public health in accordance with:

　　3．尽管有上述第1款和第2款，一缔约方仍可根据下列各项采取措施保护公共健康：

(a)　　the Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health;

　　（a）《TRIPS协定》与公共健康宣言；

(b)　　any waiver of a provision of the TRIPS Agreement granted by WTO Members in accordance with the WTO Agreement to implement the Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health and that is in force between the Parties; or

　　（b）WTO成员为执行《TRIPS协定》与公共健康宣言依据WTO协定作出的某一条款的任何豁免且该豁免在缔约方之间生效；或

(c)　　any amendment of the TRIPS Agreement to implement the Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health that enters into force with respect to the Parties.

　　（c）对缔约方生效的、为执行《TRIPS协定》与公共健康宣言而对《TRIPS协定》所作的任何修正。

Article 20.49: Definition of New Pharmaceutical Product

第20.49条　新药品的定义

　　　For the purposes of Article 20.48.1 (Protection of Undisclosed Test or Other Data), a new pharmaceutical product means a pharmaceutical product that does not contain a chemical entity that has been previously approved in that Party.

　　就第20.48条（保护未披露试验或其他数据）第1款而言，新药品指不包含此前已在该缔约方获得上市许可的化学成分的药品。

Article 20.50: Measures Relating to the Marketing of Certain Pharmaceutical Products⁴⁸

第20.50条　与部分药品上市销售有关的措施⁴⁸

⁴⁸Annex 20-A applies to this Article.

⁴⁸附件A－20适用于本条。

1.　　If a Party permits, as a condition of approving the marketing of a pharmaceutical product, persons, other than the person originally submitting the safety and efficacy information, to rely on evidence or information concerning the safety and efficacy of a product that was previously approved, such as evidence of prior marketing approval by the Party or in another territory, that Party shall provide:

　　1．作为批准药品上市销售的条件，如一缔约方允许最初提交涉及药品安全性和有效性信息的人之外的人依赖已获批药品的安全性和有效性的证据或信息，例如在该缔约方或其他领土获得的在先上市许可的证据，则该缔约方应提供：

(a)　　a system to provide notice to a patent holder⁴⁹ or to allow for a patent holder to be notified prior to the marketing of such a pharmaceutical product, that such other person is seeking to market that product during the term of an applicable patent claiming the approved product or its approved method of use;

　　（a）一项制度，在该药品上市销售前通知专利持有人⁴⁹或允许专利持有人获得通知，在其获批产品或方法专利的保护期间内，一申请人正寻求上市销售该药品的；

⁴⁹For greater certainty, for the purposes of this Article, a Party may provide that a “patent holder” includes a patent licensee or the authorized holder of marketing approval.

⁴⁹为进一步明确，就本条而言，一缔约方可规定“专利持有人”包括专利被许可人或上市许可的授权持有人。

(b)　　adequate time and sufficient opportunity for such a patent holder to seek, prior to the marketing of an allegedly infringing product, available remedies in subparagraph (c); and

　　（b）充足的时间和机会，以便专利持有人在涉嫌侵权的产品上市销售之前能够寻求（c）项所规定的救济；以及

(c)　　procedures, such as judicial or administrative proceedings, and expeditious remedies, such as preliminary injunctions or equivalent effective provisional measures, for the timely resolution of disputes concerning the validity or infringement of an applicable patent claiming an approved pharmaceutical product or its approved method of use.

　　（c）司法或行政程序等程序以及临时禁令或等同有效的临时措施等快速救济，以便及时解决关于已获批药品或其获批使用方法的专利的有效性或侵权的纠纷。

2.　　Further to paragraph 1, that Party may also provide:

　　2．除了第1款，该缔约方还可：

(a)　　effective rewards for a successful assertion of the invalidity or non-infringement of the applicable patent;⁵⁰ and

　　（a）对成功主张适用专利无效或未侵权的人提供有效的奖励；⁵⁰以及

⁵⁰Effective rewards may include providing a period of marketing exclusivity to the first applicant that successfully asserts the invalidity or non-infringement of the patent in accordance with the Party’s marketing approval process.

⁵⁰有效的奖励包括为成功依据该缔约方上市许可程序成功主张专利无效或未侵权的第一申请人提供市场独占期限。

(b)　　procedures, consistent with its obligations under this Chapter, to promote transparency by providing information regarding applicable patents and relevant periods of exclusivity for pharmaceutical products that have been approved in that Party.

　　（b）规定与本章义务一致的程序，通过提供有关适用专利和已在该缔约方获得上市许可的药品的有关独占期限的信息来提高透明度。

Article 20.51: Alteration of Period of Protection

第20.51条　保护期限的变更

　　　Subject to Article 20.48.3 (Protection of Undisclosed Test or Other Data), if a product is subject to a system of marketing approval in the territory of a Party pursuant to Article 20.45 (Protection of Undisclosed Test or Other Data for Agricultural Chemical Products) or Article 20.48 and is also covered by a patent in the territory of that Party, that Party shall not alter the period of protection that it provides pursuant to Article 20.45 or Article 20.48 in the event that the patent protection terminates on a date earlier than the end of the period of protection specified in Article 20.45 or Article 20.48.

　　在遵守第20.48条（未披露试验或其他数据保护）第3款的前提下，如一产品根据第20.45条（对农用化学品的未披露试验或其他数据的保护）或第20.48条在一缔约方领土受到上市许可制度的规制，且同时受到该缔约方领土内的专利保护，则在该专利权保护期限比第20.45条或第20.48条所规定的保护期限先行届满的情况下，该缔约方不得变更其依据20.45条或第20.48条规定的保护期。

Section G:
Industrial Designs

G节：工业品外观设计

Article 20.52: Protection

第20.52条　保护

1.　　Each Party shall ensure adequate and effective protection of industrial designs consistent with Articles 25 and 26 of the TRIPS Agreement.

　　1．每一缔约方应保证依据《TRIPS协定》第25条和26条对工业品外观设计提供充分有效保护。

2.　　Consistent with paragraph 1, each Party confirms that protection is available for designs embodied in a part of an article.

　　2．在与第1款相一致的前提下，每一缔约方承认体现在一物件部件中的外观设计能获得保护。

Article 20.53: Non-Prejudicial Disclosures/Grace Period⁵¹

第20.53条　不具损害性披露／宽限期⁵¹

⁵¹Articles 20.53 (Non-Prejudicial Disclosures/Grace Period) and 20.54 (Electronic Industrial Design System) apply with respect to industrial design patent systems or industrial design registration systems.

⁵¹第20.53条（不具损害性披露／宽限期）和第20.54条（工业品外观设计电子系统）适用于工业品外观设计专利系统或工业品外观设计注册系统。

　　　Each Party shall disregard at least information contained in public disclosures used to determine if an industrial design is new, original, or, where applicable, non-obvious, if the public disclosure:⁵²

　　每一缔约方在确定一工业品外观设计是否具有新颖性、原创性、或（如适用）非显而易见性时，至少应忽略公开披露中所含的信息，若公开披露：⁵²

⁵²For greater certainty, a Party may limit the application of this Article to disclosures made by, or obtained directly or indirectly from, the creator or co-creator and provide that, for the purposes of this Article, information obtained directly or indirectly from the design applicant may be information contained in the public disclosure that was authorized by, or derived from, the design applicant.

⁵²为进一步明确，一缔约方可将本条的适用限于创作者或共同创作者所作的披露或从其直接或间接获得的披露，并规定，就本条而言，自外观设计申请人处直接或间接获得的信息可以是公开披露中包含的专利申请人授权或源自专利申请人的信息。

(a)　　was made by the design applicant or by a person that obtained the information directly or indirectly from the design applicant; and

　　（a）由外观设计申请人或从外观设计申请人直接或间接获得信息的个人所为；以及

(b)　　occurred within 12 months prior to the filing date in the territory of the Party.

　　（b）发生在该缔约方领域内提交申请之日前12个月内。

Article 20.54: Electronic Industrial Design System

第20.54条　工业品外观设计电子系统

　　　Each Party shall provide a:

　　每一缔约方应提供：

(a)　　system for the electronic application for industrial design rights; and

　　（a）工业品外观设计电子申请系统；以及

(b)　　publicly available electronic information system, which must include an online database of protected industrial designs.

　　（b）公开的电子信息系统，该系统必须包含受保护工业品外观设计在线数据库。

Article 20.55: Term of Protection

第20.55条　保护期

　　　Each Party shall provide a term of protection for industrial designs of at least 15 years from either: (a) the date of filing, or (b) the date of grant or registration.

　　每一缔约方应为工业品外观设计规定从：（a）申请日，或（b）授权或注册日起至少15年的保护期。

Section H:
Copyright and Related Rights

H节：版权和相关权

Article 20.56: Definitions

第20.56条　定义

　　　For the purposes of Article 20.57 (Right of Reproduction) and Article 20.59 (Right of Distribution) through Article 20.68 (Collective Management), the following definitions apply with respect to performers and producers of phonograms:

　　就第20.57条（复制权）及第20.59条（发行权）至第20.68条（集体管理）而言，下列定义对表演者和录音制品制作者适用：

broadcasting means the transmission by wireless means for public reception of sounds or of images and sounds or of the representations thereof; such transmission by satellite is also “broadcasting”; transmission of encrypted signals is “broadcasting” if the means for decrypting are provided to the public by the broadcasting organization or with its consent; “broadcasting” does not include transmission over computer networks or any transmissions where the time and place of reception may be individually chosen by members of the public;

　　广播指以无线方式播送，使公众能接收声音、或图像和声音、或图像和声音的表现物；通过卫星进行的此类播送也是“广播”；如果广播组织或经其同意将解码方式提供给公众，则传输加密信号也是“广播”；“广播”不包括计算机网络上的传送或任何可由公众人士个人选择接收时间和地点的传送；

communication to the public of a performance or a phonogram means the transmission to the public by any medium, other than by broadcasting, of sounds of a performance or the sounds or the representations of sounds fixed in a phonogram;

　　将表演或录音制品向公众传播指通过广播以外的任何媒介将表演的声音或录音制品中固定的声音或声音的表现物播送给公众；

fixation means the embodiment of sounds, or of the representations thereof, from which they can be perceived, reproduced, or communicated through a device;

　　固定指对声音或其表现物的呈现，使得声音可通过装置被感觉、复制和传播；

performers means actors, singers, musicians, dancers, and other persons who act, sing, deliver, declaim, play in, interpret, or otherwise perform literary or artistic works or expressions of folklore;

　　表演者指演员、歌唱家、音乐家、舞蹈家及表演、歌唱、演说、朗诵、演奏、表现、或以其他方式表演文学或艺术作品或民间文学艺术作品的其他人；

phonogram means the fixation of the sounds of a performance or of other sounds, or of a representation of sounds, other than in the form of a fixation incorporated in a cinematographic or other audio-visual work;

　　录音制品指对表演的声音、其他声音或声音的表现物的固定，纳入电影作品或视听作品的固定除外；

producer of a phonogram means a person that takes the initiative and has the responsibility for the first fixation of the sounds of a performance or other sounds, or the representations of sounds; and

　　录音制品制作者指带头发起并对表演声音、其他声音或声音表现物的首次固定负责的人。

publication of a performance or phonogram means the offering of copies of the performance or the phonogram to the public, with the consent of the right holder, and provided that copies are offered to the public in reasonable quantity.

　　表演或录音制品的发表指经权利持有人同意而将表演或录音制品的复制件提供给公众，且复制件系以合理的数量提供给公众。

Article 20.57: Right of Reproduction

第20.57条　复制权

　　　Each Party shall provide⁵³ to authors, performers, and producers of phonograms⁵⁴ the exclusive right to authorize or prohibit all reproduction of their works, performances, or phonograms in any manner or form, including in electronic form.

　　每一缔约方应给予⁵³作者、表演者和录音制品制作者⁵⁴授权或禁止对其作品、表演和录音制品以任何方式或形式进行的所有复制的专有权，包括电子形式。

⁵³For greater certainty, the Parties understand that it is a matter for each Party’s law to prescribe that works, performances, or phonograms in general or any specified categories of works, performances and phonograms are not protected by copyright or related rights unless the work, performance, or phonogram has been fixed in some material form.

⁵³为进一步明确，缔约方理解，应由每一缔约方的法律规定，一般作品、表演或录音制品或任何特定类别的作品、表演和录音制品不受版权或相关权保护，除非作品、表演或录音制品已经以某种物质形式加以固定。

⁵⁴References to “authors, performers, and producers of phonograms” refer also to any of their successors in interest.

⁵⁴提及“作者、表演者和录音制品制作者”也指其任何利益继承人。

Article 20.58: Right of Communication to the Public

第20.58条　向公众传播权

　　　Without prejudice to Article 11(1)(ii), Article 11bis(1)(i) and (ii), Article 11ter(1)(ii), Article 14(1)(ii), and Article 14bis(1) of the Berne Convention, each Party shall provide to authors the exclusive right to authorize or prohibit the communication to the public of their works, by wire or wireless means, including the making available to the public of their works in such a way that members of the public may access these works from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.⁵⁵

　　在不损害《伯尔尼公约》第11条第（1）款（ii）项、第11条之二第（1）款（i）项和第（1）款（ii）项、第11条之三第（1）款（ii）目、第14条第（1）款（ii）项和第14条之二第（1）款的情况下，每一缔约方应给予作者授权或禁止以有线或无线方式向公众传播其作品的专有权，包括向公众提供其作品，从而使公众人士可在个人选择的地点和时间获得这些作品。⁵⁵

⁵⁵The Parties understand that the mere provision of physical facilities for enabling or making a communication does not in itself amount to communication within the meaning of this Chapter or the Berne Convention. The Parties further understand that nothing in this Article precludes a Party from applying Article 11bis(2) of the Berne Convention.

⁵⁵缔约方理解，仅提供实体设施使传播成为可能或进行传播本身并不意味着属本章或《伯尔尼公约》范围内的传播。缔约方进一步理解，本条中任何内容不阻止一缔约方适用《伯尔尼公约》第11条之二第（2）款。

Article 20.59: Right of Distribution

第20.59条　发行权

　　　Each Party shall provide to authors, performers, and producers of phonograms the exclusive right to authorize or prohibit the making available to the public of the original and copies⁵⁶ of their works, performances, and phonograms through sale or other transfer of ownership.

　　每一缔约方应给予作者、表演者和录音制品制作者授权或禁止通过销售或其他所有权转让方式向公众提供其作品、表演和录音制品的原件和复制品⁵⁶的专有权。

⁵⁶The expressions “copies” and “original and copies”, that are subject to the right of distribution in this Article, refer exclusively to fixed copies that can be put into circulation as tangible objects.

⁵⁶本条中发行权所涉的“复制品”和“原件和复制品”的表述专门指可以有形物体发行的已固定复制品。

Article 20.60: No Hierarchy

第20.60条　无层级

　　　Each Party shall provide that, in cases in which authorization is needed from both the author of a work embodied in a phonogram and a performer or producer that owns rights in the phonogram, the need for the authorization of the:

　　每一缔约方应规定，在同时需要录音制品所含作品的作者及对录音制品享有权利的表演者和制作者的授权的情况下，授权的需要：

(a)　　author does not cease to exist because the authorization of the performer or producer is also required; and

　　（a）对作者而言，并不因需要表演者或制作者的授权而终止；以及

(b)　　performer or producer does not cease to exist because the authorization of the author is also required.

　　（b）对表演者或制作者而言，并不因需要作者授权而终止。

Article 20.61: Related Rights

第 20.61条　相关权

1.　　Further to the protection afforded to performers and producers of phonograms as “nationals” under Article 20.8 (National Treatment), each Party shall accord the rights provided for in this Chapter to performances and phonograms first published or first fixed⁵⁷ in the territory of another Party.⁵⁸ A performance or phonogram is considered first published in the territory of a Party if it is published in the territory of that Party within 30 days of its original publication.

　　1．除了向根据第20.8条（国民待遇）属于“国民”的表演者和录音制品制作者授予保护，每一缔约方应将本章中所规定的表演者和录音制品制作者的权利授予在另一缔约方领土内首次发表或首次固定⁵⁷的表演或录音制品。⁵⁸如表演或录音制品在最初发表后30天 内在一缔约方领土内发表，则该表演或录音制品被视为在该缔约方领土内首次发表。

⁵⁷For the purposes of this Article, fixation means the finalization of the master tape or its equivalent.

⁵⁷就本条而言，固定指母带或其同等物的定稿。

⁵⁸For greater certainty, consistent with Article 20.8 (National Treatment), each Party shall accord to performances and phonograms first published or first fixed in the territory of another Party treatment no less favorable than it accords to performances or phonograms first published or first fixed in its own territory.

⁵⁸为进一步明确，在与第20.8条（国民待遇）相一致的前提下，每一缔约方应授予在另一缔约方领土内首次发表或首次固定的表演和录音制品不低于其授予在其本国领土内首次发表或首次固定的表演或录音制品的待遇。

2.　　Each Party shall provide to performers the exclusive right to authorize or prohibit:

　　2．每一缔约方应给予表演者授权或禁止下列行为的专有权：

(a)　　the broadcasting and communication to the public of their unfixed performances, unless the performance is already a broadcast performance; and

　　（a）广播或向公众传播其未固定的表演，除非该表演已属广播表演；以及

(b)　　the fixation of their unfixed performances.

　　（b）固定其尚未固定的表演。

3.　　(a)　　Each Party shall provide to performers and producers of phonograms the exclusive right to authorize or prohibit the broadcasting or any communication to the public of their performances or phonograms, by wire or wireless means⁵⁹ and the making available to the public of those performances or phonograms in such a way that members of the public may access them from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.

　　3.（a）每一缔约方应给予表演者和录音制品制作者授权或禁止以有线或无线方式广播或向公众传播其表演或录音制品的专有权，⁵⁹并向公众提供这些表演或录音制品，从而使公众人士可在个人选择的地点和时间获得。

⁵⁹For greater certainty, the obligation under this paragraph does not include broadcasting or communication to the public, by wire or wireless means, of the sounds or representations of sounds fixed in a phonogram that are incorporated in a cinematographic or other audio-visual work.

⁵⁹为进一步明确，本款下的义务不包括以有线或无线方式广播或向公众传播固定在一电影或其他视听作品中所包含的一录音制品中的声音或声音表现物。

(b)　　Notwithstanding subparagraph (a) and Article 20.64 (Limitations and Exceptions), the application of the right referred to in subparagraph (a) to analog transmissions and non-interactive free over-the-air broadcasts, and exceptions or limitations to this right for those activities, is a matter of each Party’s law.⁶⁰

　　（b）尽管有（a）项和第20.64条（限制和例外），但是对模拟传送和非交互式免费无线广播适用（a）项中所指权利及这一权利对这些活动的例外或限制属每一缔约方的法律事项。⁰

⁶⁰For the purposes of this subparagraph the Parties understand that a Party may provide for the retransmission of non-interactive, free over-the-air broadcasts, provided that these retransmissions are lawfully permitted by that Party’s government communications authority; any entity engaging in these retransmissions complies with the relevant rules, orders, or regulations of that authority; and these retransmissions do not include those delivered and accessed over the Internet. For greater certainty this footnote does not limit a Party’s ability to avail itself of this subparagraph.

⁶⁰就本项而言，缔约方理解，一缔约方可提供非交互式免费无线广播的转播，只要这些转播经该缔约方政府通信管理机构合法准许；任何从事这些转播的实体遵守该机构的相关规定、命令或法规；且这些转播不包括通过互联网的传送和接入。为进一步明确，本脚注不限制一缔约方利用本项的能力。

(c)　　Each Party may adopt limitations to this right in respect of other non-interactive transmissions in accordance with Article 20.64.1 (Limitations and Exceptions), provided that the limitations do not prejudice the right of the performer or producer of phonograms to obtain equitable remuneration.

　　（c）每一缔约方可根据第20.64条（限制和例外）第1款对其他非交互式广播采用权利限制，只要该限制不损害表演者或录音制品制作者获取公平报酬的权利。

Article 20.62: Term of Protection for Copyright and Related Rights

第20.62条　版权和相关权的保护期

　　　Each Party shall provide that in cases in which the term of protection of a work, performance, or phonogram is to be calculated:

　　每一缔约方应规定，作品、表演或录音制品的保护期限计算如下：

(a)　　on the basis of the life of a natural person, the term shall be not less than the life of the author and 70 years after the author’s death;⁶¹ and

　　（a）以自然人生命为计算基础，保护期不得少于作者有生之年加死后70年；⁶¹及

⁶¹The Parties understand that if a Party provides its nationals a term of copyright protection that exceeds life of the author plus 70 years, nothing in this Article or Article 20.8 (National Treatment) precludes that Party from applying Article 7(8) of the Berne Convention with respect to the term in excess of the term provided in this subparagraph of protection for works of another Party.

⁶¹缔约方理解，如一缔约方授予其国民的版权保护期限超过作者有生之年加死后70年，本条以及第20.8条（国民待遇）均不排除该缔约方对超过本项规定期限的保护其他缔约方作品的期限适用《伯尔尼公约》第7条第（8）项。

(b)　　on a basis other than the life of a natural person, the term shall be:

　　（b）不以自然人生命为计算基础，保护期应：

(i)　not less than 75 years from the end of the calendar year of the first authorized publication⁶² of the work, performance, or phonogram, or

　　（i）自作品、表演及录音制品首次授权发行⁶²日历年年底计算，不少于75年；或

⁶²For greater certainty, for the purposes of subparagraph (b), if a Party’s law provides for the calculation of term from fixation rather than from the first authorized publication that Party may continue to calculate the term from fixation.

⁶²为进一步明确，就（b）项而言，如一缔约方规定期限自作品固定而非首次授权发行起算，则该缔约方可继续自作品固定起算期限。

(ii)　failing such authorized publication within 25 years from the creation of the work, performance, or phonogram, not less than 70 years from the end of the calendar year of the creation of the work, performance, or phonogram.

　　（ii）如作品、表演及录音制品自创作之日起25年内未授权发行的，自其创作的日历年年底计算，不少于70年。

Article 20.63: Application of Article 18 of the Berne Convention and Article 14.6 of the TRIPS Agreement

第20.63条　伯尔尼公约第18条和TRIPS协定第14.6条的适用

　　　Each Party shall apply Article 18 of the Berne Convention and Article 14.6 of the TRIPS Agreement, mutatis mutandis, to works, performances, and phonograms, and the rights in and protections afforded to that subject matter as required by this Section.

　　每一缔约方应将《伯尔尼公约》第18条和《TRIPS协定》第14条第6款，在细节上作必要修改后，适用于作品、表演和录音制品，以及本节规定的客体被赋予的权利与保护。

Article 20.64: Limitations and Exceptions

第20.64条　限制和例外

1.　　With respect to this Section, each Party shall confine limitations or exceptions to exclusive rights to certain special cases that do not conflict with a normal exploitation of the work, performance, or phonogram, and do not unreasonably prejudice the legitimate interests of the right holder.

　　1．关于本节，每一缔约方应将专有权的限制或例外限于某些特殊情况，不得与作品、表演或录音制品的正常利用相冲突，且不得不合理损害权利持有人的合法利益。

2.　　This Article does not reduce or extend the scope of applicability of the limitations and exceptions permitted by the TRIPS Agreement, the Berne Convention, the WCT, or the WPPT.

　　2．本条既不缩小也不扩大《TRIPS协定》、《伯尔尼公约》、WCT或WPPT所允许的限制和例外的适用范围。

Article 20.65: Contractual Transfers

第20.65条　协议转让

　　　Each Party shall provide that for copyright and related rights, any person acquiring or holding an economic right⁶³ in a work, performance, or phonogram:

　　每一缔约方应规定，对于版权和相关权 ，对作品、表演或录音制品取得或持有任何经济权利⁶³的任何人：

⁶³For greater certainty, this Article does not affect the exercise of moral rights.

⁶³为进一步明确，本条不影响版权精神权利的行使。

(a)　　may freely and separately transfer that right by contract; and

　　（a）可以通过合同自由和单独转让该权利；以及

(b)　　by virtue of contract, including contracts of employment underlying the creation of works, performances, or phonograms, must be able to exercise that right in that person’s own name and enjoy fully the benefits derived from that right.⁶⁴

　　（b）借助合同，包括作为作品、表演和录音制品创作基础的雇佣合同，能够以其自身名义行使这种权利，并且完全享受该种权利带来利益。⁶⁴

⁶⁴Nothing in this Article affects a Party’s ability to establish: (i) which specific contracts underlying the creation of works, performances, or phonograms shall, in the absence of a written agreement, result in a transfer of economic rights by operation of law; and (ii) reasonable limits to protect the interests of the original right holders, taking into account the legitimate interests of the transferees.

⁶⁴本条概不影响缔约方确定如下事项的能力：（i）在缺乏书面合同时，作为作品、表演和录音制品创作基础的何种特别合同应依法导致经济权利的转移；以及（ii）考虑到受让人的合法利益而对保护原权利人利益的合理限制。

Article 20.66: Technological Protection Measures⁶⁵

第20.66条　技术保护措施⁶⁵

⁶⁵Nothing in this Agreement requires a Party to restrict the importation or domestic sale of a device that does not render effective a technological measure the only purpose of which is to control market segmentation for legitimate physical copies of a cinematographic film, and is not otherwise a violation of its law.

⁶⁵本协定中任何条款不要求一缔约方限制进口或在国内销售一不使技术措施起效的装置，该技术措施的惟一目的是控制电影的合法有形复制件的市场分割，且在其他方面不违反其法律。

1.　　In order to provide adequate legal protection and effective legal remedies against the circumvention of effective technological measures that authors, performers, and producers of phonograms use in connection with the exercise of their rights and that restrict unauthorized acts in respect of their works, performances, and phonograms, each Party shall provide⁶⁶ that a person who:

　　1．为提供充分法律保护和有效法律救济，以防止规避作者、表演者和录音制品制作者在行使其权利中所使用的、对就其作品、表演和录音制品的未经授权行为加以限制的有效技术措施，每一缔约方应规定⁶⁶从事下列行为的任何人：

⁶⁶A Party that, prior to the date of entry into force of this Agreement, maintains legal protections for technological protection measures consistent with Article 20.66.1 (Technological Protection Measures), may maintain its current scope of limitations, exceptions, and regulations regarding circumvention.

⁶⁶一缔约方，在本协定生效之日前，维持符合第20.66条（技术保护措施）第1款的技术保护措施合法保护的，可就规避维持现有的限制、例外和规定的范围。

(a)　　knowingly, or having reasonable grounds to know,⁶⁷ circumvents without authority an effective technological measure that controls access to a protected work, performance, or phonogram;⁶⁸ or

　　（a）明知或有合理理由知道⁶⁷的情况下，未经授权而规避用于控制获得一受保护作品、表演或录音制品的任何有效技术措施；⁶⁸或

⁶⁷For greater certainty, for the purposes of this subparagraph, a Party may provide that reasonable grounds to know may be demonstrated through reasonable evidence, taking into account the facts and circumstances surrounding the alleged illegal act.

⁶⁷为进一步明确，就本项而言，一缔约方可规定，合理理由知道可通过合理的证据加以证明，同时考虑与指控的非法行为紧密相关的事实和情况。

⁶⁸For greater certainty, no Party is required to impose civil or criminal liability under this subparagraph for a person that circumvents any effective technological measure that protects any of the exclusive rights of copyright or related rights in a protected work, performance, or phonogram, but does not control access to that work, performance, or phonogram.

⁶⁸为进一步明确，对于规避旨在保护受保护作品、表演或录音制品的任何版权或相关权专有权利的任何有效技术措施、但未规避旨在控制此类作品、表演或录音制品的获得的人，不要求缔约方根据本项对其施加民事或刑事责任。

(b)　　manufactures, imports, distributes, offers for sale or rental to the public, or otherwise provides devices, products, or components, or offers to the public or provides services, that:

　　（b）生产、进口、分销、许诺销售或向公众出租，或以其他方式提供设备、产品或组件，或向公众许诺提供或提供服务，这些设备、产品、组件或服务：

(i)　are promoted, advertised, or otherwise marketed by that person for the purpose of circumventing any effective technological measure,

　　（i）系该人为规避任何有效技术措施而推销、广告或以其他方式营销；

(ii)　have only a limited commercially significant purpose or use other than to circumvent any effective technological measure, or

　　（ii）除规避任何有效技术措施外，仅有有限商业目的或用途；或

(iii)　are primarily designed, produced, or performed for the purpose of circumventing any effective technological measure,

　　（iii）主要为规避任何有效技术措施而设计、生产或使用

is liable and subject to the remedies provided for in Article 20.81.18 (Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies).⁶⁹

应承担责任并适用第20.81条（民事和行政程序及救济措施）第18款中所规定的救济措施。⁶⁹

⁶⁹For greater certainty, no Party is required to impose liability under this Article and Article 20.67 (Rights Management Information) for actions taken by that Party or a third person acting with authorization or consent of the Party.

⁶⁹为进一步明确，不要求任何缔约方对其或其授权或同意的第三人采取的行动施以本条和第20.67条（权利管理信息）下的责任。

Each Party shall provide for criminal procedures and penalties to be applied when a person, other than a non-profit library, archive,⁷⁰ educational institution, or public non-commercial broadcasting entity, is found to have engaged willfully and for the purposes of commercial advantage or financial gain in any of the foregoing activities.

　　每一缔约方应规定，如任何人而非非营利性的图书馆、档案馆、⁷⁰教育机构或公共非商业性广播实体被发现故意并为商业利益或财务收益而从事上述任何活动，则应适用刑事程序和处罚。

⁷⁰For greater certainty, a Party may treat a non-profit museum as a non-profit archive.

⁷⁰为进一步明确，一缔约方可将非营利性博物馆视为非营利性档案馆。

Criminal procedures and penalties listed in subparagraphs (a), (c), and (f) of Article 20.84.6 (Criminal Procedures and Penalties) shall apply, as applicable to infringements mutatis mutandis, to the activities described in subparagraphs (a) and (b) of this paragraph.

　　第20.84条（刑事程序和处罚）第6款（a）、（c）和（f）项所列的刑事程序和处罚，和比照适用于侵权一样，适用于本条（a）和（b）项所述的活动。

2.　　In implementing paragraph 1, no Party shall be obligated to require that the design of, or the design and selection of parts and components for, a consumer electronics, telecommunications, or computing product provide for a response to any particular technological measure, so long as the product does not otherwise violate any measure implementing paragraph 1.

　　2．在实施第1款时，任何缔约方无义务要求消费电子产品、通信产品或计算机产品的设计或其零部件的设计和选择对任何特定技术措施作出响应，只要该产品未在其他方面违反实施第1款的一措施。

3.　　Each Party shall provide that a violation of a measure implementing this Article is a separate cause of action, independent of any infringement that might occur under the Party’s law on copyright and related rights.

　　3．每一缔约方应规定，违反实施本条的措施是一项单独的诉讼理由，与该缔约方关于版权和相关权的法律下可能发生的任何侵权行为相互独立。

4.　　Each Party shall confine exceptions and limitations to measures implementing paragraph 1 to the following activities, which shall be applied to relevant measures in accordance with paragraph 5:⁷¹

　　4．每一缔约方应将实施第1款措施的限制和例外限于以下活动，此类限制和例外依照第5款适用于相关措施：⁷¹

⁷¹A Party may request consultations with the other Parties to consider how to address, under paragraph 4, activities of a similar nature that a Party identifies after the date this Agreement enters into force.

⁷¹一缔约方可提出与其他缔约方协商的请求，以考虑在本协定生效之日后如何根据第4款处理一缔约方认为具有相似性质的活动。

(a)　　non-infringing reverse engineering activities with regard to a lawfully obtained copy of a computer program, carried out in good faith with respect to particular elements of that computer program that have not been readily available to the person engaged in those activities, for the sole purpose of achieving interoperability of an independently created computer program with other programs;

　　（a）出于善意对合法获得的计算机程序副本进行的非侵权逆向工程活动，此类活动针对的是从事逆向工程的人不容易获得的计算机程序的特定元素，唯一目的是实现独立创建的计算机程序与其他程序的互操作性；

(b)　　non-infringing good faith activities, carried out by an appropriately qualified researcher who has lawfully obtained a copy, unfixed performance, or display of a work, performance, or phonogram and who has made a good faith effort to obtain authorization for those activities, to the extent necessary for the sole purpose of research consisting of identifying and analyzing flaws and vulnerabilities of technologies for scrambling and descrambling of information;

　　（b）由具有适当资格的研究人员实施的非侵权善意活动，该研究人员合法获得了作品、表演或录音制品的副本、未固定表演或展示，且其已真诚努力获取这些活动的授权，唯一目的仅限于研究，包括识别和分析技术的缺陷和漏洞，以加扰和解扰信息；

(c)　　the inclusion of a component or part for the sole purpose of preventing the access of minors to inappropriate online content in a technology, product, service, or device that itself is not prohibited under the measures implementing paragraph (1)(b);

　　（c）加入组件或零部件，唯一目的是阻止少数人获取技术、产品、服务或设备中的不适当在线内容，而这些技术、产品、服务或设备本身未被实施第1款（b）项的措施所禁止；

(d)　　non-infringing good faith activities that are authorized by the owner of a computer, computer system, or computer network for the sole purpose of testing, investigating, or correcting the security of that computer, computer system, or computer network;

　　（d）获得计算机、计算机系统或计算机网络的所有者授权的非侵权善意活动，唯一目的是测试、调查或修复该计算机、计算机系统或计算机网络的安全性问题；

(e)　　non-infringing activities for the sole purpose of identifying and disabling a capability to carry out undisclosed collection or dissemination of personally identifying information reflecting the online activities of a natural person in a way that has no other effect on the ability of any person to gain access to any work;

　　（e）非侵权活动，唯一目的是以对任何人获得任何作品的能力没有其他影响的方式，识别和禁止非公开地收集或传播反映自然人在线活动的个人识别信息；

(f)　　lawfully authorized activities carried out by government employees, agents, or contractors for the purpose of law enforcement, intelligence, essential security, or similar governmental purposes;

　　（f）政府雇员、代理人或承包商为了执法、情报、基本安全或类似政府目的而开展的获得合法授权的活动；

(g)　　access by a nonprofit library, archive, or educational institution to a work, performance, or phonogram not otherwise available to it, for the sole purpose of making acquisition decisions; and

　　（g）非营利性图书馆、档案馆或教育机构对其无法获得的作品、表演或录音制品的获取，唯一目的是作出收购决定；以及

(h)　　in addition, a Party may provide additional exceptions or limitations for non-infringing uses of a particular class of works, performances, or phonograms, when an actual or likely adverse impact on those non-infringing uses is demonstrated by substantial evidence in a legislative, regulatory, or administrative proceeding in accordance with the Party’s law.

　　（h）此外，当立法、监管或行政程序中的实质证据证明对特定类别的作品、表演或录音制品的非侵权使用产生实际或可能不利的影响时，一缔约方可以为此类非侵权使用规定与该缔约方的法律相一致的额外例外或限制。

5.　　The exceptions and limitations to measures implementing paragraph 1 for the activities set forth in paragraph 4 may only be applied as follows, and only to the extent that they do not impair the adequacy of legal protection or the effectiveness of legal remedies against the circumvention of effective technological measures under the Party’s legal system:

　　5．就第4款规定的活动而言，实施第1款的措施的限制和例外仅可按以下方式适用，且不损害该缔约方法律制度下法律保护的充分性或打击规避有效技术措施的法律救济的有效性：

(a)　　measures implementing paragraph (1)(a) may be subject to exceptions and limitations with respect to each activity set forth in paragraph (4);

　　（a）实施第1款（a）项的措施受第4款规定的每项活动的限制和例外约束；

(b)　　measures implementing paragraph (1)(b), as they apply to effective technological measures that control access to a work, performance, or phonogram, may be subject to exceptions and limitations with respect to activities set forth in paragraphs (4)(a), (b), (c), (d), and (f); and

　　（b）当适用于控制作品、表演或录音制品获取的有效技术措施时，实施第1款（b）项的措施受第4款（a）、（b）、（c）、（d）和（f）项规定的活动的限制和例外约束；以及

(c)　　measures implementing paragraph (1)(b), as they apply to effective technological measures that protect any copyright or any rights related to copyright, may be subject to exceptions and limitations with respect to activities set forth in paragraphs (4)(a) and (f).

　　（c）当适用于保护任何版权或任何版权相关权的有效技术措施时，实施第1款（b）项的措施受第4款（a）项和（f）项规定的活动的限制和例外约束。

6.　　Effective technological measure means a technology, device, or component that, in the normal course of its operation, controls access to a protected work, performance, or phonogram, or protects copyright or rights related to copyright.⁷²

　　6．有效技术措施指技术、设备或组件，用以在正常运行过程中，控制对受保护作品、表演或录音制品的获取，或保护版权或版权相关权。⁷²

⁷²For greater certainty, a technological measure that can, in a usual case, be circumvented accidentally is not an “effective” technological measure.

⁷²为进一步明确，在一般情况下能被偶然规避的技术措施不是“有效的”技术措施。

Article 20.67: Rights Management Information⁷³

第20.67条　权利管理信息⁷³

⁷³A Party may comply with the obligations in this Article by providing legal protection only to electronic rights management information.

⁷³一缔约方可通过仅对电子权利管理信息提供法律保护以遵守本条中的义务。

1.　　In order to provide adequate and effective legal remedies to protect rights management information (RMI), each Party shall provide that any person that, without authority, and knowing, or having reasonable grounds to know, that it would induce, enable, facilitate, or conceal an infringement of the copyright or related right of authors, performers, or producers of phonograms, knowingly:⁷⁴

　　1．为提供充足和有效的法律救济以保护权利管理信息，每一缔约方应规定，任何人未经授权且明知或有合理理由知道下列行为会诱使、促成、便利或包庇对作者、表演者或录音制品制作者的版权或相关权的侵权行为而故意：⁷⁴

⁷⁴For greater certainty, a Party may extend the protection afforded by this paragraph to circumstances in which a person engages without knowledge in the acts in subparagraphs (a), (b), and (c), and to other related right holders.

⁷⁴为进一步明确，一缔约方可将本款给予的保护延伸至一人在不知情的情况下从事（a）、（b）和（c）项中的行为的情况，并可延伸至其他相关权利持有人。

(a)　　removes or alters any RMI;

　　（a）去除或改变任何权利管理信息；

(b)　　distributes or imports for distribution RMI knowing that the RMI has been altered without authority;⁷⁵ or

　　（b）明知权利管理信息未经授权已被改变，发行或为发行而进口权利管理信息；⁷⁵或

⁷⁵A Party may meet its obligation under this subparagraph if it provides effective protection for original compilations, provided that the acts described in this subparagraph are treated as infringements of copyright in those original compilations.

⁷⁵如一缔约方对原创汇编作品提供有效保护，则其同样符合其在本项下的义务，只要本项中所述行为被视为侵犯该原创汇编作品的版权。

(c)　　distributes, imports for distribution, broadcasts, communicates, or makes available to the public copies of works, performances, or phonograms, knowing that RMI has been removed or altered without authority,

　　（c）明知权利管理信息未经授权已被除去或改变，发行、为发行而进口、广播、传播或向公众提供作品、表演或录音制品的复制品，

is liable and subject to the remedies set out in Article 20.81 (Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies).

应承担责任并适用第20.81条（民事和行政程序及救济措施）中所列救济措施。

2.　　Each Party shall provide for criminal procedures and penalties to be applied if a person is found to have engaged willfully and for purposes of commercial advantage or financial gain in any of the activities referred to in paragraph 1.

　　2．每一缔约方应规定，如任何人被发现故意和为商业利益或财务收益而从事第1款所述的任何行为，则应适用刑事程序和处罚。

3.　　A Party may provide that the criminal procedures and penalties do not apply to a non-profit library, museum, archive, educational institution or public non-commercial broadcasting entity.⁷⁶

　　3．一缔约方可规定，刑事程序和处罚不适用于非营利性的图书馆、博物馆、档案馆、教育机构或公共非商业性广播实体。⁷⁶

⁷⁶For greater certainty, a Party may treat a broadcasting entity established without a profit-making purpose under its law as a public non-commercial broadcasting entity.

⁷⁶为进一步明确，一缔约方可将根据其法律建立的不以营利为目的的广播实体视为公共非商业性广播实体。

4.　　For greater certainty, nothing prevents a Party from excluding from a measure that implements paragraphs 1 through 3 a lawfully authorized activity that is carried out for the purpose of law enforcement, essential security interests, or other related governmental purposes, such as the performance of a statutory function.

　　4．为进一步明确，任何内容不阻止一缔约方将为下列目的的合法授权的活动排除在实施第1款至第3款的一措施之外：即法律执行、基本安全利益或其他相关政府目的，例如履行法定职能。

5.　　For greater certainty, nothing in this Article obligates a Party to require a right holder in a work, performance, or phonogram to attach RMI to copies of the work, performance, or phonogram, or to cause RMI to appear in connection with a communication of the work, performance, or phonogram to the public.

　　5．为进一步明确，本条中任何内容不得为一缔约方设定如下义务：即要求作品、表演或录音制品的权利持有人将权利管理信息附于作品、表演或录音制品之上，或使权利管理信息出现在向公众传播作品、表演或录音制品时。

6.　　RMI means:

　　4．权利管理信息指：

(a)　　information that identifies a work, performance, or phonogram, the author of the work, the performer of the performance, or the producer of the phonogram; or the owner of a right in the work, performance, or phonogram;

　　（a）识别作品、表演或录音制品、作品的作者、表演的表演者或录音制品的制作者的信息；或识别对作品、表演或录音制品拥有任何权利的所有人的信息；

(b)　　information about the terms and conditions of the use of the work, performance, or phonogram; or

　　（b）关于使用作品、表演或录音制品的条款和条件的信息；或

(c)　　any numbers or codes that represent the information referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (b),

　　（c）代表（a）项或（b）项中所指信息的任何数字或代码，

if any of these items is attached to a copy of the work, performance, or phonogram or appears in connection with the communication or making available of a work, performance, or phonogram to the public.

如这些信息中的任何一项附于作品、表演或录音制品的复制品上，或出现在向公众传播或提供作品、表演或录音制品时。

Article 20.68: Collective Management

第20.68条　集体管理

　　　The Parties recognize the important role of collective management societies for copyright and related rights in collecting and distributing royalties⁷⁷ based on practices that are fair, efficient, transparent, and accountable, which may include appropriate record keeping and reporting mechanisms.

　　缔约方认识到版权和相关权的集体管理组织在基于公平、有效、透明和负责的做法收取和分配许可使用费⁷⁷方面的重要性，可包括适当的记录保存和报告机制。

⁷⁷For greater certainty, royalties may include equitable remuneration.

⁷⁷为进一步明确，许可使用费可包括合理报酬。

Section I:
Trade Secrets^78,79

I节：商业秘密^78,79

⁷⁸For greater certainty, the enforcement obligations and principles set forth in Section J also apply to the obligations in this section, as relevant.

⁷⁸为进一步明确，J节规定的执法义务和原则应适用于本节的相关义务。

⁷⁹For greater certainty, this Section is without prejudice to a Party’s measures protecting good faith lawful disclosures to provide evidence of a violation of that Party’s law.

⁷⁹为进一步明确，本节不得损害一缔约方保护为提供违反该缔约方法律的证据而所作的善意合法披露的措施。

Article 20.69: Protection of Trade Secrets

第20.69条　商业秘密保护

　　In the course of ensuring effective protection against unfair competition as provided in Article 10bis of the Paris Convention, each Party shall ensure that persons have the legal means to prevent trade secrets lawfully in their control from being disclosed to, acquired by, or used by others (including state-owned enterprises) without their consent in a manner contrary to honest commercial practices.

　　在保证有效防止《巴黎公约》第10条之二所规定的不正当竞争的过程中，每一缔约方应保证个人有法律手段来阻止其合法控制的商业秘密在未经其同意的情况下以违反诚信商业行为的方式向他人（包括国有企业）披露、被他人获取或使用。

Article 20.70: Civil Protection and Enforcement

第20.70条　民事保护和执法

　　　In fulfilling its obligation under paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 39 of the TRIPS Agreement, each Party shall:

　　在履行《TRIPS协定》第39条第1款和第2款的义务时，每一缔约方：

(a)　　provide civil judicial procedures⁸⁰ for any person lawfully in control of a trade secret to prevent, and obtain redress for, the misappropriation of the trade secret by any other person; and

　　（a）应为任何合法控制商业秘密的人提供民事司法程序⁸⁰，以阻止他人盗用商业秘密并就滥用获得补偿；以及

⁸⁰For greater certainty, civil judicial procedures do not have to be federal provided that those procedures are available.

⁸⁰为进一步明确，民事司法程序可用即可，不必采用联邦层面的程序。

(b)　　not limit the duration of protection for a trade secret, so long as the conditions in Article 20.72 (Definitions) exist.

　　（b）不限制商业秘密的保护期限，只要第20.72条（定义）的条件存在。

Article 20.71: Criminal Enforcement

第20.71条　刑事执法

1.　　Subject to paragraph 2, each Party shall provide for criminal procedures and penalties for the unauthorized and willful misappropriation⁸¹ of a trade secret.

　　1．在遵守第2款的前提下，每一缔约方应为未经授权且故意盗用⁸¹商业秘密规定刑事程序和处罚。

⁸¹For the purposes of this Article, “willful misappropriation” requires a person to have known that the trade secret was acquired in a manner contrary to honest commercial practices.

⁸¹就本条而言，“蓄意盗用”要求一人已知道商业秘密是以违反诚实商业惯例的方式获得的。

2.　　With respect to the acts referred to in paragraph 1, a Party may, as appropriate, limit the availability of its procedures, or limit the level of penalties available, to one or more of the following cases in which the act is:

　　2．关于第1款所述的相关行为，一缔约方可在适当情况下将刑事程序的可用性或刑事处罚的水平限制适用于下列一项或多项：该行为

(a)　　for the purposes of commercial advantage or financial gain;

　　（a）目的为商业利益或财务收益；

(b)　　related to a product or service in national or international commerce; or

　　（b）与国内或国际贸易中的产品或服务有关；或

(c)　　intended to injure the owner of that trade secret.

　　（c）意图对此类商业秘密的拥有者造成损害。

Article 20.72: Definitions

第20.72条　定义

　　　For the purposes of this Section:

　　就本节而言：

trade secret means information that:

　　商业秘密指：

(a)　　is secret in the sense that it is not, as a body or in the precise configuration and assembly of its components, generally known among or readily accessible to persons within the circles that normally deal with the kind of information in question;

　　（a）信息是秘密的，因为它作为一个整体或其组成的精确结构和配置通常不为经常处理相关信息的圈子内的人所知或容易获得；

(b)　　has actual or potential commercial value because it is secret; and

　　（b）信息因机密而具有实际或潜在的商业价值；以及

(c)　　has been subject to reasonable steps under the circumstances, by the person lawfully in control of the information, to keep it secret;

　　（c）合法控制信息的人已采取合理措施保持信息的机密性。

misappropriation means the acquisition, use, or disclosure of a trade secret in a manner contrary to honest commercial practices, including the acquisition, use, or disclosure of a trade secret by a third party that knew, or had reason to know, that the trade secret was acquired in a manner contrary to honest commercial practices.⁸² Misappropriation does not include situations in which a person:

　　盗用指以违反诚信商业惯例的方式获取、使用或披露商业秘密，包括知道或有理由知道商业秘密是以违反诚信商业惯例的方式获得的第三方对商业秘密的获得、使用或披露。⁸²盗用不包括以下情形：

⁸²For greater certainty, “misappropriation” as defined in this paragraph includes cases in which the acquisition, use, or disclosure involves a computer system.

⁸²为进一步明确，本款所定义的“盗用”包括获取、使用或披露涉及计算机系统的情况。

(a)　　reverse engineered an item lawfully obtained;

　　（a）个人对合法获得物品进行逆向工程；

(b)　　independently discovered information claimed as a trade secret; or

　　（b）个人独立发现被称为商业秘密的信息；或

(c)　　acquired the subject information from another person in a legitimate manner without an obligation of confidentiality or knowledge that the information was a trade secret; and

　　（c）以合法方式从其他人获取主题信息，该人无需承担保密义务或不知道该信息是商业秘密。

manner contrary to honest commercial practices means at least practices such as breach of contract, breach of confidence, and inducement to breach, and includes the acquisition of undisclosed information by third parties that knew, or were grossly negligent in failing to know, that those practices were involved in the acquisition.

　　违反诚信商业惯例的方式至少指违反合同、泄露机密和引诱违约等惯例，并包括第三方在获得未披露信息时知道或因重大过失不知道获得过程涉及前述惯例。

Article 20.73: Provisional Measures

第20.73条　临时措施

　　　In the civil judicial proceedings described in Article 20.70 (Civil Protection and Enforcement), each Party shall provide that its judicial authorities have the authority to order prompt and effective provisional measures, such as orders to prevent the misappropriation of the trade secret and to preserve relevant evidence.

　　在第20.70条（民事保护和执法）所述的民事司法程序中，每一缔约方应规定其司法机关有权下达迅速有效的临时措施，例如下令防止商业秘密盗用和保护相关的证据。

Article 20.74: Confidentiality

第20.74条　机密性

　　　In connection with the civil judicial proceedings described in Article 20.70 (Civil Protection and Enforcement), each Party shall provide that its civil judicial authorities have the authority to:

　　对于第20.70条（民事保护和执法）所述的民事司法程序，每一缔约方应规定其民事司法机关有权：

(a)　　order specific procedures to protect the confidentiality of any trade secret, alleged trade secret, or any other information asserted by an interested party to be confidential; and

　　（a）制定特定程序以保护任何商业秘密、所谓的商业秘密或利害关系方声称保密的任何其他信息的机密性；以及

(b)　　impose sanctions on parties, counsel, expert, or other person subject to those proceedings, related to violation of orders concerning the protection of a trade secret or alleged trade secret produced or exchanged in that proceeding, as well as other information asserted by an interested party to be confidential.

　　（b）对于保护民事司法程序中产生或交换的商业秘密或所谓的商业秘密以及任何利害关系方称为机密的其他信息的命令，对违反此类命令的一当事方、律师、专家或受程序管辖的其他人实施制裁。

Each Party shall further provide in its law that, in cases in which an interested party asserts information to be a trade secret, its judicial authorities shall not disclose that information without first providing that person with an opportunity to make a submission under seal that describes the interest of that person in keeping the information confidential.

　　每一缔约方应在其法律中进一步规定，在利害关系方声称信息为商业秘密的情况下，其司法机关不得在未首先向该人提供机会以让其提交有意保持信息机密的密封说明的情况下披露该信息。

Article 20.75: Civil Remedies

第20.75条　民事救济

　　　In connection with the civil judicial proceedings described in Article 20.70 (Civil Protection and Enforcement), each Party shall provide that its judicial authorities have the authority at least to order:

　　对于第20.70条（民事保护和执法）所述的民事司法程序，每一缔约方应规定其司法机关至少有权：

(a)　　injunctive relief that conforms to Article 44 of the TRIPS Agreement against a person that misappropriated a trade secret; and

　　（a）对盗用商业秘密的人下达符合《TRIPS协定》第44条的禁令救济；以及

(b)　　a person that misappropriated a trade secret to pay damages adequate to compensate the person lawfully in control of the trade secret for the injury suffered because of the misappropriation of the trade secret⁸³ and, if appropriate, because of the proceedings to enforce the trade secret.

　　（b）让盗用商业秘密的人向合法控制商业秘密的人支付充足的赔偿，以弥补后者因商业秘密被盗用⁸³以及，如适当，因执行商业秘密的程序而遭受的损害。

⁸³For greater certainty, a Party may provide that the determination of damages is carried out after the determination of misappropriation.

⁸³为进一步明确，一缔约方可规定损害赔偿的确定可在确定滥用后作出。

Article 20.76: Licensing and Transfer of Trade Secrets

第20.76条　商业秘密的许可和转让

　　　No Party shall discourage or impede the voluntary licensing of trade secrets by imposing excessive or discriminatory conditions on those licenses or conditions that dilute the value of the trade secrets.

　　任何缔约方不得通过对商业秘密许可设置过多或歧视性的条件或稀释商业秘密价值的条件来阻止或阻碍商业秘密自愿许可。

Article 20.77: Prohibition of Unauthorized Disclosure or Use of a Trade Secret by Government Officials Outside the Scope of Their Official Duties

第20.77条　禁止政府官员在其公务范围之外未经授权披露或使用商业秘密

1.　　In civil, criminal, and regulatory proceedings in which trade secrets may be submitted to a court or government entity, each Party shall prohibit the unauthorized disclosure of a trade secret by a government official at the central level of government outside the scope of that person’s official duties.

　　1．在可能将商业秘密提交给法院或政府实体的民事、刑事和监管程序中，每一缔约方应禁止中央一级的政府官员在其公务范围之外未经授权披露商业秘密。

2.　　Each Party shall provide for in its law deterrent level penalties, including monetary fines, suspension or termination of employment, and imprisonment, to guard against the unauthorized disclosure of a trade secret described in paragraph 1.

　　2．每一缔约方应在其法律中规定具有威慑性的处罚，包括罚款、停职或终止雇佣以及监禁，以防止未经授权披露第1款所述的商业秘密。

Section J:
Enforcement

J节：执法

Article 20.78: General Obligations

第20.78条　一般义务

1.　　Each Party shall ensure that enforcement procedures as specified in this Section are available under its law so as to permit effective action against an act of infringement of intellectual property rights covered by this Chapter, including expeditious remedies to prevent infringements and remedies that constitute a deterrent to future infringements.⁸⁴ These procedures shall be applied in such a manner as to avoid the creation of barriers to legitimate trade and to provide for safeguards against their abuse.

　　1．每一缔约方应保证其国内法律中包括关于本节规定的执法程序，以便对任何侵犯本章所涵盖知识产权的行为采取有效行动，包括防止侵权的迅速救济措施和对未来侵权构成威慑的救济措施。⁸⁴此类程序的实施应避免对合法贸易造成障碍并为防止此类程序被滥用提供保障。

⁸⁴For greater certainty, and subject to Article 44 of the TRIPS Agreement and this Agreement, each Party confirms that it makes those remedies available with respect to enterprises, regardless of whether the enterprises are private or state-owned.

⁸⁴为进一步明确，在遵守《TRIPS协定》第44条和本协定条款的前提下，每一缔约方确认将向企业提供此类救济措施，无论其为私营企业还是国有企业。

2.　　Each Party confirms that the enforcement procedures set forth in Article 20.81 (Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies), Article 20.82 (Provisional Measures), and Article 20.84 (Criminal Procedures and Penalties) shall be available to the same extent with respect to acts of trademark infringement, as well as copyright or related rights infringement, in the digital environment.

　　2．每一缔约方确认，第20.81条（民事和行政程序及救济措施）、第20.82条（临时措施）和第20.84条（刑事程序和刑罚）应能同等适用于数字环境中的商标权侵权行为、版权和相关权侵权行为。

3.　　Each Party shall ensure that its procedures concerning the enforcement of intellectual property rights are fair and equitable. These procedures shall not be unnecessarily complicated or costly, or entail unreasonable time-limits or unwarranted delays.

　　3．每一缔约方应保证其实施知识产权的程序公平和公正。此类程序不得不必要的复杂或成本过高，不得限定不合理的时限或无理的延迟。

4.　　This Section does not create any obligation:

　　4．本节未就下列各项设定任何义务：

(a)　　to put in place a judicial system for the enforcement of intellectual property rights distinct from that for the enforcement of law in general, nor does it affect the capacity of each Party to enforce its law in general; or

　　（a）为知识产权执法设定不同于一般法律执法的司法制度，且本节也不影响每一缔约方执行其一般法律的能力；或

(b)　　with respect to the distribution of resources as between the enforcement of intellectual property rights and the enforcement of law in general.

　　（b）在知识产权执法与一般法律执法的资源分配方面。

5.　　In implementing this Section in its intellectual property system, each Party shall take into account the need for proportionality between the seriousness of the infringement of the intellectual property right and the applicable remedies and penalties, as well as the interests of third parties.

　　5．在其知识产权制度中实施本节时，每一缔约方应考虑在知识产权侵权的严重性与可适用的救济措施与处罚措施对于罪罚相当的要求，并考利第三方利益。

Article 20.79: Presumptions

第20.79条　推定

1.　　In civil, criminal, and, if applicable, administrative proceedings involving copyright or related rights, each Party shall provide for a presumption⁸⁵ that, in the absence of proof to the contrary:

　　1．在与版权或相关权利有关的民事、刑事和行政程序（如适用）中，每一缔约方应规定，如无相反证据，则推定⁸⁵：

⁸⁵For greater certainty, a Party may implement this Article on the basis of sworn statements or documents having evidentiary value, such as statutory declarations. A Party may also provide that these presumptions are rebuttable presumptions that may be rebutted by evidence to the contrary.

⁸⁵为进一步明确，一缔约方可以基于誓词或具有证据价值的文件，如法定声明，以实施本条的规定。一缔约方还可规定，此类推定可被相反证据推翻的可反驳推定。

(a)　　the person whose name is indicated in the usual manner⁸⁶ as the author, performer, or producer of the work, performance, or phonogram, or if applicable the publisher, is the designated right holder in that work, performance, or phonogram; and

　　（a）以通常方式⁸⁶署名的人为作品、表演或录音制品的作者、表演者和制作者；或，如适用，出版者是该作品、表演或录音制品的指定权利人；以及

⁸⁶For greater certainty, a Party may establish the means by which it shall determine what constitutes the “usual manner” for a particular physical support.

⁸⁶为进一步明确，一缔约方可确立其应确定对某一特定物理支持而言何为“通常方式”的方法。

(b)　　the copyright or related right subsists in that subject matter.

　　（b）版权或相关权利存在于此类客体中。

2.　　In connection with the commencement of a civil, administrative, or criminal enforcement proceeding involving a registered trademark that has been substantively examined by its competent authority, each Party shall provide that the trademark be considered prima facie valid.

　　2．如启动的民事、行政或刑事执法程序所涉及的注册商标已经其主管机关实质性审查，则每一缔约方认应规定此商标被视为初步有效。

3.　　In connection with the commencement of a civil or administrative enforcement proceeding involving a patent that has been substantively examined and granted by the competent authority of a Party, that Party shall provide that each claim in the patent be considered prima facie to satisfy the applicable criteria of patentability in its territory.^87,88

　　3．如启动的民事或行政执法程序所涉及的专利已经其主管机关实质性审查并已被授予专利权，则每一缔约方认应规定，专利中的每一项权利主张均被认定为初步满足其国内适用的可专利性标准。^87,88

⁸⁷For greater certainty, if a Party provides its administrative authorities with the exclusive authority to determine the validity of a registered trademark or patent, nothing in paragraphs 2 and 3 shall prevent that Party’s competent authority from suspending enforcement procedures until the validity of the registered trademark or patent is determined by the administrative authority. In those validity procedures, the party challenging the validity of the registered trademark or patent shall be required to prove that the registered trademark or patent is not valid. Notwithstanding this requirement, a Party may require the trademark holder to provide evidence of first use.

⁸⁷为进一步明确，如一缔约方规定其行政主管机关享有排他性权利来确定注册商标或专利的有效性，第2款和第3款的规定不得阻止该缔约方的主管机关在注册商标或专利的有效性被该行政管理机关认定之前中止执法程序。在此效力确认程序中，对此注册商标或专利的效力提出异议的一方应证明注册商标和专利无效。尽管有此要求，一缔约方可要求商标持有人对于使用在先进行举证。

⁸⁸A Party may provide that this paragraph applies only to those patents that have been applied for, examined, and granted after the entry into force of this Agreement.

⁸⁸一缔约方可规定本款仅适用于在本协定对该缔约方生效申请、审查和授予的专利。

Article 20.80: Enforcement Practices with Respect to Intellectual Property Rights

第20.80条　与知识产权有关的执法实践

1.　　Each Party shall provide that final judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application pertaining to the enforcement of intellectual property rights:

　　1．每一缔约方应规定，与知识产权执法有关的普遍适用的最终司法判决和行政裁定：

(a)　　are in writing and preferably state any relevant findings of fact and the reasoning or the legal basis on which the decisions and rulings are based; and

　　（a）优先采取书面形式并载明对相关事实结论及司法判决和行政裁定所基于的推理和法律依据；以及

(b)　　are published⁸⁹ or, if publication is not practicable, otherwise made available to the public in a national language in such a manner as to enable interested persons and Parties to become acquainted with them.

　　（b）公布⁸⁹，或在公布不可行时，以本国语言向公众提供，使利害关系人和缔约方知悉。

⁸⁹For greater certainty, a Party may satisfy the requirement for publication by making the decision or ruling available to the public online.

⁸⁹为进一步明确，一缔约方可通过将判决或裁定在线向公众提供来满足公布的要求。

2.　　Each Party recognizes the importance of collecting and analyzing statistical data and other relevant information concerning infringements of intellectual property rights as well as collecting information on best practices to prevent and combat infringements.

　　2．每一缔约方认识到收集及分析与知识产权侵权有关的统计数据及其他重要信息以及收集防止与打击侵权行为最佳实践的信息的重要性。

3.　　Each Party shall publish or otherwise make available to the public information on its efforts to provide effective enforcement of intellectual property rights in its civil, administrative, and criminal systems, such as statistical information that the Party may collect for those purposes.

　　3．每一缔约方应公布或使公众知晓其在民事、行政及刑事制度中努力提供有效的知识产权执法的信息，如该缔约方为此目的收集的统计信息。

Article 20.81: Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies

第20.81条　民事和行政程序及救济措施

1.　　Each Party shall make available to right holders civil judicial procedures concerning the enforcement of any intellectual property right covered in this Chapter.⁹⁰

　　1．每一缔约方应使权利持有人可获得有关执行本章涵盖的任何知识产权的民事司法程序。⁹⁰

⁹⁰For the purposes of this Article, the term “right holders” includes those authorized licensees, federations, and associations that have the legal standing and authority to assert those rights. The term “authorized licensee” includes the exclusive licensee of any one or more of the exclusive intellectual property rights encompassed in a given intellectual property.

⁹⁰就本条而言，“权利持有人”包括授权的被许可人，以及拥有法律地位或权限主张这一权利的联盟和协会。“授权的被许可人”应包括享有包含在某项智力成果中的一项或多项排他性知识产权的独占被许可人。

2.　　Each Party shall provide that its judicial authorities have the authority to order injunctive relief that conforms to Article 44 of the TRIPS Agreement, including to prevent goods that involve the infringement of an intellectual property right under the law of the Party providing that relief from entering into the channels of commerce.

　　2．每一缔约方应规定其司法机关有权实施与《TRIPS协定》第44条相符的禁令救济，包括阻止在规定此项救济的缔约方法律中涉及侵犯知识产权侵的货物进入商业渠道。

3.　　Each Party shall provide⁹¹ that, in civil judicial proceedings, its judicial authorities have the authority at least to order the infringer to pay the right holder damages adequate to compensate for the injury the right holder has suffered because of an infringement of that person’s intellectual property right by an infringer who knowingly, or with reasonable grounds to know, engaged in infringing activity.

　　3．每一缔约方应规定⁹¹，在民事司法程序中，其司法机关至少有权责令明知或有合理理由知道自己从事侵权活动的侵权人向权利持有人支付足以补偿其因知识产权权利侵权行为所受损害的赔偿。

⁹¹A Party may also provide that the right holder may not be entitled to any of the remedies set out in paragraphs 3, 5, and 7 if there is a finding of non-use of a trademark. For greater certainty, there is no obligation for a Party to provide for the possibility of any of the remedies in paragraphs 3, 5, 6, and 7 to be ordered in parallel.

⁹¹一缔约方还可规定，如果发现商标未使用，权利人不可享有第3款、第5款和第7款所规定的救济措施。为进一步明确，一缔约方并无义务规定同时判令第3款、第5款、第6款和第7款所规定的救济的可能性。

4.　　In determining the amount of damages under paragraph 3, each Party’s judicial authorities shall have the authority to consider, among other things, any legitimate measure of value the right holder submits, which may include lost profits, the value of the infringed goods or services measured by the market price, or the suggested retail price.

　　4．在确定第3款的赔偿金额时，除了其他因素，每一缔约方的司法机关应有权考虑权利人提交的任何合理价值评估，这可包括：利润损失、以市场价或建议零售价估算的被侵权的产品或服务的价值。

5.　　At least in cases of copyright or related rights infringement and trademark counterfeiting, each Party shall provide that, in civil judicial proceedings, its judicial authorities have the authority to order the infringer, at least in cases described in paragraph 3, to pay the right holder the infringer’s profits that are attributable to the infringement.⁹²

　　5．至少在版权或相关权利侵权案件和假冒商标案件中，每一缔约方应规定，在民事司法程序中，其司法机关有权要求侵权人，至少在第3款所述的情况中，向权利人支付侵权人因侵权获得的利润。⁹²

⁹²A Party may comply with this paragraph by presuming those profits to be the damages referred to in paragraph 3.

⁹²一缔约方可通过推定该利润为第3款所指的损害以遵守本款的规定。

6.　　In civil judicial proceedings with respect to the infringement of copyright or related rights protecting works, phonograms, or performances, each Party shall establish or maintain a system that provides for one or more of the following:

　　6．在有关侵犯保护作品、录音制品或表演的版权或相关权利的民事司法程序中，每一缔约方应建立或维持一制度，规定下列一种或多种：

(a)　　pre-established damages, which shall be available on the election of the right holder; or

　　（a）法定赔偿，其可依据权利人选择而适用；或

(b)　　additional damages.⁹³

　　（b）额外赔偿。⁹³

⁹³For greater certainty, additional damages may include exemplary or punitive damages.

⁹³为进一步明确，额外赔偿可包括惩罚性赔偿。

7.　　In civil judicial proceedings with respect to trademark counterfeiting, each Party shall also establish or maintain a system that provides for one or more of the following:

　　7．在有关假冒商标的民事司法程序中，每一缔约方也应建立或维持一制度，规定下列一种或多种：

(a)　　pre-established damages, which shall be available on the election of the right holder; or

　　（a）法定赔偿，其可依据权利人选择而适用；或

(b)　　additional damages.⁹⁴

　　（b）额外赔偿。⁹⁴

⁹⁴For greater certainty, additional damages may include exemplary or punitive damages.

⁹⁴为进一步明确，额外赔偿可包括惩罚性赔偿。

8.　　Pre-established damages referred to in paragraphs 6 and 7 shall be in an amount sufficient to constitute a deterrent to future infringements and to compensate fully the right holder for the harm caused by the infringement.

　　8．第6款和第7款所规定的法定赔偿的数额应足以补偿权利人因侵权所受损害，并以期震慑未来的侵权行为。

9.　　In awarding additional damages referred to in paragraphs 6 and 7, judicial authorities shall have the authority to award those additional damages as they consider appropriate, having regard to all relevant matters, including the nature of the infringing conduct and the need to deter similar infringements in the future.

　　9．在判定第6款和第7款提及的额外赔偿时，司法机关应有权判处其认为合理的额外赔偿，考虑到所有相关事项，包括侵权行为的性质及期震慑未来类似侵权的需要。

10. 　Each Party shall provide that its judicial authorities, if appropriate, have the authority to order, at the conclusion of civil judicial proceedings concerning infringement of at least copyright or related rights, patents and trademarks, that the prevailing party be awarded payment by the losing party of court costs or fees and appropriate attorney’s fees, or any other expenses as provided for under the Party’s law.

　　10．每一缔约方应规定，至少涉及侵犯版权或相关权利、专利权和商标权的民事司法程序结束时，其司法机关在适当情况下有权要求败诉方向胜诉方支付诉讼费用和合理的律师费，或该缔约方法律规定的其他费用。

11. 　If a Party’s judicial or other authorities appoint a technical or other expert in a civil proceeding concerning the enforcement of an intellectual property right and require that the parties in the proceeding pay the costs of that expert, that Party should seek to ensure that those costs are reasonable and related appropriately, among other things, to the quantity and nature of work to be performed and do not unreasonably deter recourse to those proceedings.

　　11．如一缔约方的司法机关或其他机关在涉及知识产权实施的的民事程序中指定技术专家或其他专家并要求该程序的当事人承担该专家费用，该缔约方应寻求保证该费用是合理的和适当相关的，除其他因素外，与需完成的工作数量及性质，且不得不合理地妨碍此类程序。

12. 　Each Party shall provide that in civil judicial proceedings:

　　12．每一缔约方应规定，在民事司法程序中：

(a)　　at least with respect to pirated copyright goods and counterfeit trademark goods, its judicial authorities have the authority, at the right holder’s request, to order that the infringing goods be destroyed, except in exceptional circumstances, without compensation of any sort;

　　（a）至少对于盗版货物及假冒商标的货物，其司法机关有权应权利人的请求，责令销毁侵权货物，除非例外情形，不作任何补偿；

(b)　　its judicial authorities have the authority to order that materials and implements that have been used in the manufacture or creation of the infringing goods be, without compensation of any sort, promptly destroyed or, in exceptional circumstances, without compensation of any sort, disposed of outside the channels of commerce in such a manner as to minimize the risk of further infringement; and

　　（b）其司法机关有权责令将侵权货物生产或制造中使用的材料和工具不作任何补偿地立即销毁，或在特殊情况下，不作任何补偿地将其清除出商业渠道，以此方式将尽可能降低进一步侵权的风险；以及

(c)　　in regard to counterfeit trademark goods, the simple removal of the trademark unlawfully affixed is not sufficient, other than in exceptional circumstances, to permit the release of goods into the channels of commerce.

　　（c）对于假冒商标的货物，除非例外情况，仅简单移除非法加贴的商标不足以允许将商品放行进入商业渠道。

13. 　Without prejudice to its law governing privilege, the protection of confidentiality of information sources, or the processing of personal data, each Party shall provide that, in civil judicial proceedings concerning the enforcement of an intellectual property right, its judicial authorities have the authority, on a justified request of the right holder, to order the infringer or the alleged infringer, as applicable, to provide to the right holder or to the judicial authorities, at least for the purpose of collecting evidence, relevant information as provided for in its applicable laws and regulations that the infringer or alleged infringer possesses or controls. This information may include information regarding any person involved in any aspect of the infringement or alleged infringement and the means of production or the channels of distribution of the infringing or allegedly infringing goods or services, including the identification of third persons alleged to be involved in the production and distribution of the goods or services and of their channels of distribution.

　　13．在不损害其有关特权、保护信息来源机密性和个人数据的处理的法律的前提下，每一缔约方应规定，在涉及知识产权实施的民事司法程序中，其司法机关有权，根据权利人的正当请求，责令侵权人或（如适用）涉嫌侵权人向权利人或司法机关提供，至少为收集证据的目的，其适用法律法规规定的由侵权人或涉嫌侵权人持有或控制的相关信息。此信息可包括与侵权行为或涉嫌侵权行为任何方面有关的任何人的信息；以及与侵权或涉嫌侵权货物或服务的生产方式或分销渠道有关的信息，包括指明涉嫌参与此类货物或服务的生产和分销的第三人以及其分销渠道。

14. 　In cases in which a party in a proceeding voluntarily and without good reason refuses access to, or otherwise does not provide relevant evidence under its control within a reasonable period, or significantly impedes a proceeding relating to an enforcement action, each Party shall provide that its judicial authorities shall have the authority to make preliminary and final determinations, affirmative or negative, on the basis of the evidence presented, including the complaint or the allegation presented by the party adversely affected by the denial of access to evidence, subject to providing the parties an opportunity to be heard on the allegations or evidence.

　　14．如果程序中的一方当事人自愿且无正当理由拒绝获取，或以其他方式未在合理期限内提供其控制下的相关证据，或严重阻碍与执法行动有关的程序，则每一缔约方应规定其司法机关应有权根据受到不利影响的一方所提供的证据，包括该方提出的申诉或指控，作出肯定或否定的初步和最终决定，但须向当事方提供就指控或证据发表意见的机会。

15. 　Each Party shall ensure that its judicial authorities have the authority to order a party at whose request measures were taken and that has abused enforcement procedures to provide to a party wrongfully enjoined or restrained adequate compensation for the injury suffered because of that abuse. The judicial authorities shall also have the authority to order the applicant to pay the defendant expenses, which may include appropriate attorney’s fees.

　　15．每一缔约方应保证，如应一当事方的请求而采取措施且该当事方滥用执法程序，则其司法机关有权责令该当事方向受到错误禁止或限制的当事方就因该滥用而受到的损害提供充分的赔偿。司法机关还应有权责令该申请人向被告支付费用，其中可包括适当的律师费。

16. 　Each Party shall provide that in relation to a civil judicial proceeding concerning the enforcement of an intellectual property right, its judicial or other authorities have the authority to impose sanctions on a party, counsel, expert, or other person subject to the court’s jurisdiction for violation of judicial orders concerning the protection of confidential information produced or exchanged in that proceeding.

　　16．在涉及知识产权执法的民事诉法程序中，每一缔约方应规定其司法或其他机关有权对违反关于保护诉讼中产生或交换的机密信息的司法命令的当事方、律师、专家或其他受法院管辖的人实施制裁。

17. 　To the extent that a civil remedy can be ordered as a result of administrative procedures on the merits of a case, each Party shall provide that those procedures conform to principles equivalent in substance to those set out in this Article.

　　17．在任何民事救济均可作为针对案件实质问题的行政程序的结果，每一缔约方应规定此类程序符合与本条规定的原则实质相当的原则。

18. 　In civil judicial proceedings concerning the acts described in Article 20.66 (Technological Protection Measures) and Article 20.67 (Rights Management Information):

　　18．在涉及第20.66条（技术保护措施）和第20.67条（权利管理信息）所述行为的民事司法程序中：

(a)　　each Party shall provide that its judicial authorities have the authority at least to:⁹⁵

　　（a）每一缔约方应规定其司法机关至少有权：⁹⁵

⁹⁵For greater certainty, a Party may, but is not required to, put in place separate remedies in respect of Article 20.66 (Technological Protection Measures) and 20.67 (Rights Management Information), if those remedies are available under its copyright law.

⁹⁵为进一步明确，如其版权法中已经有哪些救济措施，一缔约方可但不是必须设立与第20.66条（技术保护措施）和第20.67条（权利管理信息）相关的单独的救济措施。

(i)　impose provisional measures, including seizure or other taking into custody of devices and products suspected of being involved in the prohibited activity,

　　（i）实施临时措施，包括扣押或以其他方式扣押涉嫌在禁止的活动中涉及的设备和产品；

(ii)　order the type of damages available for copyright infringement, as provided under its law in accordance with this Article,

　　（ii）按依照本条在其法律中的规定，责令适用于版权侵权的赔偿金类型；

(iii)　order court costs, fees or expenses as provided for under paragraph 10; and

　　（iii）责令支付第10款规定的诉讼费用；以及

(iv)　order the destruction of devices and products found to be involved in the prohibited activity; and

　　（iv）责令销毁在禁止的活动中涉及的设备和产品；以及

(b)　　a Party may provide that damages are not available against a non-profit library, museum, archive, educational institution, or public non-commercial broadcasting entity, if it sustains the burden of proving that it was not aware or had no reason to believe that its acts constituted a prohibited activity.

　　（b）一缔约方可规定，如非盈利的图书馆、档案馆、教育机构、博物馆或非商业性公共广播实体承担举证责任证明其未意识到或无理由相信其行为构成禁止的活动，则不得对其要求损害赔偿。

Article 20.82: Provisional Measures

第20.82条　临时措施

1.　　Each Party’s authorities shall act on a request for relief in respect of an intellectual property right inaudita altera parte expeditiously in accordance with that Party’s judicial rules.

　　1．每一缔约方的机关应依照其司法规则，就涉及知识产权的救济请求不作预先通知而快速作出处理。

2.　　Each Party shall provide that its judicial authorities have the authority to require the applicant for a provisional measure in respect of an intellectual property right to provide any reasonably available evidence in order to satisfy the judicial authority, with a sufficient degree of certainty, that the applicant’s right is being infringed or that the infringement is imminent, and to order the applicant to provide security or equivalent assurance set at a level sufficient to protect the defendant and to prevent abuse. That security or equivalent assurance shall not unreasonably deter recourse to those procedures.

　　2．每一缔约方应当规定，其司法机关有权要求就一知识产权申请临时措施的申请人提供任何可合理取得的证据，以使司法机关充分确信该申请人的权利正被侵犯或此种侵权已迫近，并有权责令申请人提供足以保护被告和防止滥用的保证金或相当的担保。此保证金或相当的担保不得不合理地妨碍此类程序。

3.　　In civil judicial proceedings concerning copyright or related rights infringement and trademark counterfeiting, each Party shall provide that its judicial authorities have the authority to order the seizure or other taking into custody of suspected infringing goods, materials, and implements relevant to the infringement, and, at least for trademark counterfeiting, documentary evidence relevant to the infringement.

　　3．在涉及版权或相关权利侵权和假冒商标的民事司法程序中，每一缔约方应规定，其司法机关有权责令扣押或以其他方式扣押涉嫌侵权货物、与侵权有关的材料和工具，并且至少就商标而言，还包括书面证据。

Article 20.83: Special Requirements Related to Border Measures

第20.83条　与边境措施有关的特殊要求

1.　　Each Party shall provide for applications to suspend the release of, or to detain, suspected counterfeit or confusingly similar trademark or pirated copyright goods that are imported into the territory of the Party.⁹⁶

　　1．每一缔约方应规定申请中止放行或扣留任何进口到该缔约方领土内的涉嫌假冒、混淆性相似商标或盗版的货物。⁹⁶

⁹⁶For the purposes of this Article:

⁹⁶就本条而言：

(a)　“counterfeit trademark goods” means goods, including packaging, bearing without authorization a trademark that is identical to the trademark validly registered in respect of those goods, or that cannot be distinguished in its essential aspects from such a trademark, and that thereby infringes the rights of the owner of the trademark in question under the law of the Party providing the procedures under this Section; and

　　（a）假冒商标货物指任何货物，包括包装，其未经授权使用了与有效注册于此类货物的商标相同的商标或不能与此类商标在本质上加以区别，并以此侵犯上述商标的权利人在规定了本节程序的缔约方法律下的权利；以及

(b)　“pirated copyright goods” means goods that are copies made without the consent of the right holder or person duly authorized by the right holder in the country of production and that are made directly or indirectly from an article when the making of that copy would have constituted an infringement of a copyright or a related right under the law of the Party providing the procedures under this Section.

　　（b）盗版货物指任何货物，未经权利人或生产国已取得权利人适当授权的人同意而生产的复制件，且由一物品直接或间接生产而来。在此，该复制件的生产将构成对规定了本节程序的缔约方法律下的版权或相关权利的侵犯。

2.　　Each Party shall provide that a right holder, submitting an application referred to in paragraph 1, to initiate procedures for the Party’s competent authorities⁹⁷ to suspend release into free circulation of, or to detain, suspected counterfeit or confusingly similar trademark or pirated copyright goods, is required to:

　　2．每一缔约方应规定，任何启动程序要求主管机关⁹⁷中止放行涉嫌假冒、混淆性相似商标或盗版的货物进入自由流通的权利人须：

⁹⁷For the purposes of this Article, unless otherwise specified, competent authorities may include the appropriate judicial, administrative, or law enforcement authorities under a Party’s law.

⁹⁷就本条而言，除特别规定外，主管机关可包括缔约方法律下适当的司法、行政或执法机关。

(a)　　provide adequate evidence to satisfy the competent authorities that, under the law of the Party providing the procedures, there is prima facie an infringement of the right holder's intellectual property right; and

　　（a）提供充分的证据，使主管机关确信，根据提供该程序的缔约方的法律，存在初步证明的对权利持有人知识产权的侵权；以及

(b)　　supply sufficient information that may reasonably be expected to be within the right holder’s knowledge to make the suspect goods reasonably recognizable by its competent authorities.

　　（b）提供可被合理期待属于权利持有人知情范围的充分信息，使主管机关能合理地辨别此涉嫌货物。

The requirement to provide that information shall not unreasonably deter recourse to these procedures.

　　提供此信息的要求不得不合理地妨碍此类程序。

3.　　Each Party shall provide that its competent authorities have the authority to require a right holder submitting an application referred to in paragraph 1 to provide a reasonable security or equivalent assurance sufficient to protect the defendant and the competent authorities, and to prevent abuse. Each Party shall provide that such security or equivalent assurance does not unreasonably deter recourse to these procedures. A Party may provide that the security may be in the form of a bond conditioned to hold the defendant harmless from any loss or damage resulting from any suspension of the release of goods in the event the competent authorities determine that the article is not an infringing good.

　　3．每一缔约方应规定，其主管机关有权要求提交第1款所述申请的权利人提供合理的保证金或同等的担保以充分保护被告和主管机关并防止滥用。每一缔约方应规定，此类保证金或同等的担保不得不合理地阻止此类程序。每一缔约方可规定，该保证金可以债券形式提供，以便在主管机关认定该物品非侵权货物时可使被告免于因中止放行货物而造成的任何损失或损害。

4.　　Without prejudice to a Party’s law pertaining to privacy or the confidentiality of information:

　　4．在不影响一缔约方有关隐私和信息保密的法律的情况下：

(a)　　if a Party’s competent authorities have detained or suspended the release of goods that are suspected of being counterfeit trademark or pirated copyright goods, that Party may provide that its competent authorities have the authority to inform the right holder without undue delay of the names and addresses of the consignor, exporter, consignee, or importer; a description of the goods; the quantity of the goods; and, if known, the country of origin of the goods;⁹⁸ or

　　（a）如一缔约方的主管机关已经扣押或中止放行涉嫌假冒商标或盗版的货物，该缔约方可规定，其主管机关有权将发货人、出口商、收货人或进口商的姓名及地址、货物的描述、货物数量以及货物的原产国（如已知）无不当延迟地通知权利人；⁹⁸或

⁹⁸For greater certainty, a Party may establish reasonable procedures to receive or access that information.

⁹⁸为进一步明确，缔约方可建立合理的程序以接收或访问此类信息。

(b)　　if a Party does not provide its competent authority with the authority referred to in subparagraph (a) when suspect goods are detained or suspended from release, it shall provide, at least in cases of imported goods, its competent authorities with the authority to provide the information specified in subparagraph (a) to the right holder normally within 30 working days of the seizure or determination that the goods are counterfeit trademark goods or pirated copyright goods.

　　（b）如一缔约方未规定其主管机关在扣押或中止放行涉嫌货物时有（a）项所述的权限，则缔约方应规定，至少在进口货物的情况下，其主管机关有权通常在扣押或认定货物是假冒商标或盗版货物之日起30个工作日内向权利人提供（a）项规定的信息。

5.　　Each Party shall provide that its competent authorities may initiate border measures ex officio against suspected counterfeit trademark goods or pirated copyright goods under customs control⁹⁹ that are:

　　5．每一缔约方应规定，其主管机关可依职权对于在海关控制⁹⁹下的货物启动边境措施，此类货物为：

⁹⁹For the purposes of this Article, “goods under customs control” means goods that are subject to a Party’s customs procedures.

⁹⁹就本条而言，“海关控制下的货物”指受一缔约方海关程序约束的货物。

(a)　　imported;

　　（a）进口；

(b)　　destined for export;

　　（b）专供出口；

(c)　　in transit;¹⁰⁰ and

　　（c）过境；¹⁰⁰以及

¹⁰⁰For the purposes of this Article, an “in-transit” good means a good that is under “Customs transit” or “transshipped,” as defined in the International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures (as amended), done at Kyoto on May 18, 1973, as amended at Brussels on June 26, 1999.

¹⁰⁰就本条而言，正如1973年5月18日在京都签署并于1999年6月26日在布鲁塞尔修订的《关于简化及协调海关制度的国际公约》的定义，“过境”货物指在“转关”或“中转”的货物。

(d)　　admitted into or exiting from a free trade zone or a bonded warehouse.

　　（d）进入或出自一自由贸易区或保税仓库。

6.　　Nothing in this Article precludes a Party from exchanging, if appropriate and with a view to eliminating international trade in counterfeit trademarked goods or pirated copyrighted goods, available information to another Party in respect of goods that it has examined without a local consignee and that are transshipped through its territory and are destined for the territory of the other Party, to inform that other Party’s efforts to identify suspect goods upon arrival in its territory.

　　6．本条的任何规定均不妨碍一缔约方在适当情况下为消除假冒商标货物或盗版货物的国际贸易目的，向另一缔约方提供其已检查过的未附当地收货人并通过其领土转运且以该另一缔约方领土为目的地的货物的可获得信息，帮助该另一缔约方在货物抵达其领土时辨认涉嫌货物。

7.　　Each Party shall adopt or maintain a procedure by which its competent authorities may determine within a reasonable period of time after the initiation of the procedures described in paragraphs 1 and 5, whether the suspect goods infringe an intellectual property right. If a Party provides administrative procedures for the determination of an infringement, it may also provide its authorities with the authority to impose administrative penalties or sanctions, which may include fines or the seizure of the infringing goods following a determination that the goods are infringing.

　　7．每一缔约方应采取或维持一程序，通过此程序其主管机关可在启动第1款和第5款所述程序后的合理期限内认定涉嫌货物是否侵犯知识产权。如一缔约方规定了认定侵权的行政程序，则其也可规定授权主管机关在认定货物侵权后实施行政处罚或制裁，包括罚款或扣押被认定为侵权的货物。

8.　　Each Party shall provide that its competent authorities have the authority to order the destruction of goods following a determination that the goods are infringing. In cases in which the goods are not destroyed, each Party shall ensure that, except in exceptional circumstances, the goods are disposed of outside the channels of commerce in such a manner as to avoid harm to the right holder. In regard to counterfeit trademark goods, the simple removal of the trademark unlawfully affixed shall not be sufficient, other than in exceptional cases, to permit the release of the goods into the channels of commerce.

　　8．每一缔约方应规定，其主管机关有权在认定货物侵权后责令销毁该货物。在该货物未被销毁的情况下，每一缔约方应保证，除例外情况，该货物被清除出商业渠道，以避免对权利人造成损害。对于假冒商标货物，除例外情况，仅简单移除非法加贴的商标并不足以允许将该货物放行进入商业渠道。

9.　　If a Party establishes or assesses, in connection with the procedures described in this Article, an application fee, storage fee, or destruction fee, that Party shall not set the fee at an amount that unreasonably deters recourse to these procedures.

　　9．如一缔约方建立或确定与本条所述的程序有关的申请费、储存费或销毁费，该缔约方设定的此类费用数额不得不合理地妨碍此类程序。

10. 　This Article applies to goods of a commercial nature sent in small consignments. A Party may exclude from the application of this Article small quantities of goods of a non-commercial nature contained in travelers’ personal luggage.¹⁰¹

　　10．本条适用于小件托运的商业性货物。一缔约方可将旅客个人行李中携带的少量非商业性货物排除在本条规定的适用范围之外。¹⁰¹

¹⁰¹For greater certainty, a Party may also exclude from the application of this Article small quantities of goods of a non-commercial nature sent in small consignments.

¹⁰¹为进一步明确，缔约方也可将小件托运的少量非商业性货物排除在本条的适用范围之外。

Article 20.84: Criminal Procedures and Penalties

第20.84条　刑事程序和刑罚

1.　　Each Party shall provide for criminal procedures and penalties to be applied at least in cases of willful trademark counterfeiting or copyright or related rights piracy on a commercial scale. In respect of willful copyright or related rights piracy, “on a commercial scale” includes:

　　1．每一缔约方应规定至少对具有商业规模的故意假冒商标或侵犯版权或相关权利适用刑事程序及刑罚。关于故意侵犯版权或相关权利，“具有商业规模”至少包括：

(a)　　acts carried out for commercial advantage or financial gain; and

　　（a）出于商业利益或财务收益的目的而实施的行为；以及

(b)　　significant acts, not carried out for commercial advantage or financial gain, that have a substantial prejudicial impact on the interests of the copyright or related rights holder in relation to the marketplace.^102,103

　　（b）并非出于商业利益或财务收益的目的但对版权或相关权利持有人在市场利益造成实质损害影响的重大行为。^102,103

¹⁰²The Parties understand that a Party may comply with subparagraph (b) by addressing those significant acts under its criminal procedures and penalties for non-authorized uses of protected works, performances and phonograms in its law.

¹⁰²缔约方理解，一缔约方可通过在其对未经授权使用受保护作品、表演和录音制品的刑事程序和刑罚中规范此类重大行为以遵守（b）项。

¹⁰³A Party may provide that the volume and value of any infringing items may be taken into account in determining whether the act has a substantial prejudicial impact on the interests of the copyright or related rights holder in relation to the marketplace.

¹⁰³一缔约方可规定，在认定该行为是否对版权或相关权利权利人的市场利益具有实质损害影响时，侵权物品的数量和价值可纳入考虑范围。

2.　　Each Party shall treat willful importation or exportation of counterfeit trademark goods or pirated copyright goods on a commercial scale as unlawful activities subject to criminal penalties.¹⁰⁴

　　2．每一缔约方应将具有商业规模的故意进口或出口假冒商标货物或盗版货物视为应受刑事处罚的违法行为。¹⁰⁴

¹⁰⁴The Parties understand that a Party may comply with its obligation under this paragraph by providing that distribution or sale of counterfeit trademark goods or pirated copyright goods on a commercial scale is an unlawful activity subject to criminal penalties. The Parties understand that criminal procedures and penalties as specified in paragraphs 1, 2, and 3 are applicable in any free trade zones in a Party.

¹⁰⁴缔约方理解，一缔约方可通过将具有商业规模的分销或销售假冒商标货物或盗版货物规定为应受刑事处罚的违法行为以遵守本款下的义务。而且，第1款、第2款及第3款中规定的刑事程序和刑罚适用于一缔约方内的任何自由贸易区。

3.　　Each Party shall provide for criminal procedures and penalties to be applied in cases of willful importation¹⁰⁵ and domestic use, in the course of trade and on a commercial scale, of a label or packaging:

　　3．每一缔约方应规定刑事程序和刑罚适用于贸易过程中具有商业规模的故意进口¹⁰⁵和在国内使用下列标签或包装的情况：

¹⁰⁵A Party may comply with its obligation relating to importation of labels or packaging through its measures concerning distribution.

¹⁰⁵一缔约方可通过其有关分销的措施以遵守其有关标签或包装进口的义务。

(a)　　to which a trademark has been applied without authorization that is identical to, or cannot be distinguished from, a trademark registered in its territory; and

　　（a）在标签或包装上未经授权使用与已在其领域内注册的商标相同或不能区分开来的商标；以及

(b)　　that is intended to be used in the course of trade on goods or in relation to services that are identical to goods or services for which that trademark is registered.

　　（b）意图在贸易过程中将该标签或包装用于与商标注册的货物或服务相同的货物或服务上。

4.　　Each Party shall provide for criminal procedures to be applied against a person who, willfully and without the authorization of the holder¹⁰⁶ of copyright or related rights in a cinematographic work, knowingly uses or attempts to use an audiovisual recording device to transmit or make a copy of the cinematographic work or any part thereof, from a performance of the motion picture or other audiovisual work in a movie theater or other venue that is being used primarily for the exhibition of a copyrighted motion picture. In addition to the criminal procedures, a Party may provide for administrative enforcement procedures.

　　4．每一缔约方应规定，对蓄意和未经电影作品的版权或相关权持有人¹⁰⁶同意，在电影院或其他主要用于放映受版权保护的电影的场所，在电影或其他视听作品放映时使用或企图使用视听录制设备传输或复制电影作品或部分电影作品的人适用刑事程序。除了刑事程序，一缔约方可规定行政执法程序。

¹⁰⁶For greater certainty, the theater or venue owner or operator shall be entitled to contact the criminal law enforcement authorities with respect to the suspected commission of the acts referred to in this provision. For greater certainty, nothing in this paragraph expands or diminishes the existing rights and obligations of a theater or venue owner or operator with respect to the cinematographic work.

¹⁰⁶为进一步明确，电影院或场所所有人或运营者有权就实施本款所述的可疑违法行为联系刑事执法机关。为进一步明确，本款中的任何内容不得扩大或消减电影院或场所所有人或运营者对电影作品拥有的现有权利和义务。

5.　　With respect to the offenses for which this Article requires a Party to provide for criminal procedures and penalties, each Party shall ensure that criminal liability for aiding and abetting is available under its law.

　　5．关于本条要求一缔约方规定刑事程序和刑罚的违法行为，每一缔约方均应保证帮助或教唆行为的刑事责任在其国内法中适用。

6.　　With respect to the offenses described in paragraphs 1 through 5, each Party shall provide:

　　6．关于第1款至第5款所述的违法行为，每一缔约方应规定：

(a)　　penalties that include sentences of imprisonment as well as monetary fines sufficiently high to provide a deterrent to future acts of infringement, consistent with the level of penalties applied for crimes of a corresponding gravity;¹⁰⁷

　　（a）刑事处罚包括有期徒刑和足够高的罚金以对未来的侵权行为造成威慑，并与适用同等严重犯罪的刑罚水平相一致；¹⁰⁷

¹⁰⁷The Parties understand that there is no obligation for a Party to provide for the possibility of imprisonment and monetary fines to be imposed in parallel.

¹⁰⁷缔约方理解，一缔约方无义务规定并行实施有限徒刑和罚金的可能性。

(b)　　that its judicial authorities have the authority, in determining penalties, to account for the seriousness of the circumstances, which may include circumstances that involve threats to, or effects on, health or safety;¹⁰⁸

　　（b）其司法机关在决定刑罚时，应有权考虑情节的严重程度，包括对健康或安全造成的威胁或影响的情节；¹⁰⁸

¹⁰⁸A Party may also account for those circumstances through a separate criminal offense.

¹⁰⁸一缔约方也可通过单独的犯罪以考虑此类情节。

(c)　　that its judicial or other competent authorities have the authority to order the seizure of suspected counterfeit trademark goods or pirated copyright goods, any related materials and implements used in the commission of the alleged offense, documentary evidence relevant to the alleged offense, and assets derived from, or obtained through the alleged infringing activity. If a Party requires identification of items subject to seizure as a prerequisite for issuing a judicial order referred to in this subparagraph, that Party shall not require the items to be described in greater detail than necessary to identify them for the purpose of seizure;

　　（c）其司法机关或其他主管机关应有权责令扣押涉嫌假冒商标货物或涉嫌盗版货物、用于实施指控的违法行为的任何相关材料和工具、与指控的违法行为相关的书面证据以及来源于或通过涉嫌侵权行为所获得的财产；如一缔约方要求将指认应被扣押的物项作为发布本项所述司法命令的前提，则该缔约方不得要求对该物项描述的详细程度不应超过为扣押至目的而指认该物项的必要程度。

(d)　　that its judicial authorities have the authority to order the forfeiture, at least for serious offenses, of any assets derived from or obtained through the infringing activity;

　　（d）至少对于严重违法行为而言，其司法机关应有权责令没收任何来源于或通过侵权行为所获得的财产；

(e)　　that its judicial authorities have the authority to order the forfeiture or destruction of:

　　（e）其司法机关应有权责令没收或销毁：

(i)　all counterfeit trademark goods or pirated copyright goods,

　　（i）所有的假冒商标货物或盗版货物，

(ii)　materials and implements that have been predominantly used in the creation of pirated copyright goods or counterfeit trademark goods, and

　　（ii）主要用于制造盗版货物或假冒商标货物的材料和工具，以及

(iii)　any other labels or packaging to which a counterfeit trademark has been applied and that have been used in the commission of the offense,

　　（iii）使用假冒商标且用于实施犯罪的其他任何标签或包装，

In cases in which counterfeit trademark goods and pirated copyright goods are not destroyed, the judicial or other competent authorities shall ensure that, except in exceptional circumstances, those goods are disposed of outside the channels of commerce in such a manner as to avoid causing any harm to the right holder. Each Party shall further provide that forfeiture or destruction under this subparagraph and subparagraph (d) occur without compensation of any kind to the defendant;

在假冒商标货物和盗版货物未被销毁的情况下，司法机关或其他主管机关应保证，除例外情况，该货物被移除出商业渠道，以避免对权利人造成任何损害；每一缔约方应进一步规定，根据本项和（d）项进行的没收或销毁无需对被告提供任何形式的补偿；

(f)　　that its judicial or other competent authorities have the authority to release or, in the alternative, provide access to, goods, material, implements, and other evidence held by the relevant authority to a right holder for civil¹⁰⁹ infringement proceedings; and

　　（f）其司法机关或其他主管机关有权为民事¹⁰⁹侵权诉讼的需要向权利人释放或，作为替代，使其可获取相关机关持有的产品、材料、工具和其他证据；以及

¹⁰⁹A Party may also provide this authority in connection with administrative infringement proceedings.

¹⁰⁹一缔约方也可对行政侵权程序规定该权限。

(g)　　that its competent authorities may act upon their own initiative to initiate legal action without the need for a formal complaint by a third person or right holder.

　　（g）其主管机关可主动提起法律诉讼而无需第三方或权利人的正式控告。

7.　　With respect to the offenses described in paragraphs 1 through 5, a Party may provide that its judicial authorities have the authority to order the seizure or forfeiture of assets, or alternatively, a fine, the value of which corresponds to the assets derived from, or obtained directly or indirectly through, the infringing activity.

　　7．关于第1款至第5款所述的违法行为，一缔约方应规定其司法机关有权命令扣押或没收资产，或作为替代，处以价值与源于或者直接或间接通过侵权活动所获得的资产相当的罚金。

Article 20.85: Protection of Encrypted Program-Carrying Satellite and Cable Signals

第20.85条　对载有加密节目的卫星和有线电视信号的保护

1.　　Each Party shall make it a criminal offense to:

　　1．每一缔约方应将下列行为定为犯罪行为：

(a)　　manufacture, assemble,¹¹⁰ modify, import, export,¹¹¹ sell, or otherwise distribute a tangible or intangible device or system knowing or having reason to know¹¹² that the device or system meets at least one of the following conditions:

　　（a）制造、组装、¹¹⁰改装、进口、出口、¹¹¹销售、租赁或以其他方式分销有形或无形设备或系统，明知或有理由知道¹¹²该设备或系统至少符合下列条件之一：

¹¹⁰For greater certainty, a Party may treat “assemble” as incorporated in “manufacture.”

¹¹⁰为进一步明确，一缔约方可将“组装”视为包含在“制造”之中。

¹¹¹The obligation regarding export may be met by making it a criminal offense to possess and distribute a device or system described in this paragraph.

¹¹¹关于出口的义务可通过将拥有和分销本款中所述的设备或系统定为刑事犯罪加以履行。

¹¹²For the purposes of this paragraph, a Party may provide that “having a reason to know” may be demonstrated through reasonable evidence, taking into account the facts and circumstances surrounding the alleged illegal act, as part of the Party’s “knowledge” requirements. A Party may treat “having reason to know” as meaning “willful negligence”.

¹¹²就本款而言，一缔约方可规定“有理由知道”可通过合理证据加以证明，同时考虑与涉嫌非法行为密切相关的事实和情况，作为缔约方关于“知道”的要求的一部分。一缔约方可将“有理由知道”视为“蓄意疏忽”。

(i) it is intended to be used to assist, or

　　（i）被有意用于协助，或

(ii) it is primarily of assistance,

　　（ii）主要为协助，

in decoding an encrypted program-carrying satellite signal without the authorization of the lawful distributor¹¹³ of that signal;¹¹⁴ and

解码载有加密节目的卫星信号而未经该信号的合法分配者¹¹³授权；¹¹⁴以及

¹¹³With regard to the criminal offenses and penalties in paragraphs 1 and 3, a Party may require a demonstration of intent to avoid payment to the lawful distributor, or a demonstration of intent to otherwise secure a pecuniary benefit to which the recipient is not entitled.

¹¹³关于第1和第3款中的刑事程序和处罚，一缔约方可要求证明存在避免向合法分配者付费的意图或证明存在通过其他方式获得接收者无资格获得的金钱利益的意图。

¹¹⁴For the purposes of this Article, a Party may provide that a “lawful distributor” means a person that has the lawful right in that Party’s territory to distribute the encrypted program carrying signal and authorize its decoding.

¹¹⁴就本条而言，一缔约方可规定“合法分配者”指在该缔约方领土内分配载有加密节目的信号和授权解码的合法权利的人。

(b)　　with respect to an encrypted program-carrying satellite signal, willfully:

　　（b）对于载有加密节目的卫星信号的，蓄意用于：

(i) receive¹¹⁵ that signal, or

　　（i）接收¹¹⁵该信号，或

¹¹⁵For greater certainty and for the purposes of paragraphs 1(b) and 3(b), a Party may provide that willful receipt of an encrypted program carrying satellite or cable signal means receipt and use of the signal, or means receipt and decoding of the signal.

¹¹⁵为进一步明确并就第1款（b）项和第3款（b）项而言，一缔约方可规定，蓄意接收载有加密节目的卫星或有线信号指接收和使用该信号，或指接收和解码该信号。

(ii) further distribute¹¹⁶ that signal,

　　（ii）进一步分配¹¹⁶该信号，

¹¹⁶For greater certainty, a Party may interpret “further distribute” as “retransmit to the public”.

¹¹⁶为进一步明确，一缔约方可将“进一步分配”解释为“向公众转播”。

knowing that it has been decoded without the authorization of the lawful distributor of the signal.

明知该信号的解码未经该信号的合法分销者授权。

2.　　Each Party shall provide for civil remedies for a person that holds an interest in an encrypted program-carrying satellite signal or its content and that is injured by an activity described in paragraph 1.

　　2．每一缔约方应对载有加密节目的卫星信号或其内容拥有利益且因第1款中所述一活动而受到损害的人提供民事救济。

3.　　Each Party shall provide for criminal penalties and civil¹¹⁷ remedies for willfully:

　　3．每一缔约方应对下列蓄意行为规定刑事处罚或民事¹¹⁷救济：

¹¹⁷In providing for civil remedies, a Party may require a demonstration of injury.

¹¹⁷如一缔约方规定民事救济，则其可要求证明损害。

(a)　　manufacturing or distributing equipment knowing that the equipment is intended to be used in the unauthorized reception of any encrypted program-carrying cable signal; and

　　（a）制造或分销设备，明知该设备意在用于未经授权接收任何载有加密节目的有线信号；以及

(b)　　receiving, or assisting another to receive,¹¹⁸ an encrypted program-carrying cable signal without authorization of the lawful distributor of the signal.

　　（b）接收或协助另一人接收¹¹⁸未经信号合法分配者授权的载有加密节目的有线信号。

¹¹⁸A Party may comply with its obligation in respect of “assisting another to receive” by providing for criminal penalties to be available against a person willfully publishing any information in order to enable or assist another person to receive a signal without authorization of the lawful distributor of the signal.

¹¹⁸一缔约方可通过针对蓄意公开任何信息使另一人能够接收或协助另一人接收未经信号合法分配者授权的信号的人规定刑事处罚以遵守其有关“协助另一人接收”的义务。

Article 20.86: Government Use of Software

第20.86条　政府使用软件

1.　　Each Party recognizes the importance of promoting the adoption of measures to enhance government awareness of respect for intellectual property rights and of the detrimental effects of the infringement of intellectual property rights.

　　1．每一缔约方认识到推动采取措施以提高政府尊重知识产权的意识和提高对知识产权侵权行为危害性认识的重要性。

2.　　Each Party shall adopt or maintain appropriate laws, regulations, policies, orders, government-issued guidelines, or administrative or executive decrees that provide that its central government agencies use only non-infringing computer software protected by copyright and related rights, and, if applicable, only use that computer software in a manner authorized by the relevant license. These measures apply to the acquisition and management of the software for government use.

　　2．每一缔约方应采用或维持适当的法律、法规、政策、命令、政府发布的指南或行政法令，其中规定其中央政府机构只使用受版权和相关权保护的未侵权计算机软件，且如适用，只以经相关许可授权的方式使用计算机软件。这些措施应适用于供政府使用目的的软件采购和管理。

Article 20.87: Internet Service Providers

第20.87条　互联网服务提供商

1.　　For the purpose of Article 20.88 (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors), an Internet Service Provider is:

　　1．就第20.88条（法律救济和安全港）而言，互联网服务提供商是：

(a)　　a provider of services for the transmission, routing, or providing of connections for digital online communications without modification of their content, between or among points specified by a user, of material of the user’s choosing, undertaking the function in Article 20.88.2(a) (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors); or

　　（a）为在用户指定的两点或多点间对用户选择的材料进行传送、发送、或在不修改其内容的情况下为数字在线通信提供连接，承担第20.88条（法律救济和安全港）第2款（a）项中功能的在线服务提供商；或

(b)　　a provider of online services undertaking the functions in Article 20.88.2(b), Article 20.88.2(c), or Article 20.88.2(d) (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors).

　　（b）承担第20.88条（法律救济和安全港）第2款（b）项，20.88条第2款（c）项，或第20.88条第2款（d）项中功能的在线服务提供商。

2.　　For the purposes of Article 20.88 (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors), “copyright” includes related rights.

　　2．就第20.88条（法律救济和安全港）而言，“版权”包括相关权。

Article 20.88: Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors¹¹⁹

第20.88条　法律救济和安全港¹¹⁹

¹¹⁹Annex 20-B (Annex to Section J) applies to Articles 20.88.3, 20.88.4, and 20.88.6.

¹¹⁹附件20-B（J节的附件）适用于第20.88条第3款、第20.88条第4款和第20.88条第6款。

1.　　The Parties recognize the importance of facilitating the continued development of legitimate online services operating as intermediaries and, in a manner consistent with Article 41 of the TRIPS Agreement, providing enforcement procedures that permit effective and expeditious action by right holders against copyright infringement covered under this Chapter that occurs in the online environment. Accordingly, each Party shall ensure that legal remedies are available for right holders to address that copyright infringement and shall establish or maintain appropriate safe harbors in respect of online services that are Internet Service Providers. This framework of legal remedies and safe harbors shall include:

　　1．缔约方认识到促进作为中介开展运营的合法在线服务继续发展的重要性，并认识到以符合遵守《TRIPS 协定》第41条的方式，提供允许权利持有人对在线环境中发生的本章所涵盖的版权侵权采取有效且迅速行动的执行程序的重要性。因此，每一缔约方应保证权利持有人可获得法律救济以处理此类版权侵权，并应为属互联网服务提供商的在线服务建立或设立适当的安全港。这一法律救济和安全港的框架应包括：

(a)　　legal incentives for Internet Service Providers to cooperate with copyright owners to deter the unauthorized storage and transmission of copyrighted materials or, in the alternative, to take other action to deter the unauthorized storage and transmission of copyrighted materials; and

　　（a）给予互联网服务提供商法律激励，促其与版权权利持有人合作以阻止未经授权存储或传送受版权保护的材料，或作为替代，采取其他行动以阻止未经授权存储或传送受版权保护的材料；以及

(b)　　limitations in its law that have the effect of precluding monetary relief against Internet Service Providers for copyright infringements that they do not control, initiate or direct, and that take place through systems or networks controlled or operated by them or on their behalf.

　　（b）在其法律中规定可产生排除针对互联网服务提供商因版权侵权而采取金钱救济效果的限制，如此种侵权并非由互联网提供商所控制、发起或指示，而是通过其或代表其控制或运营的系统或网络发生。

2.　　The limitations described in paragraph 1(b) shall include limitations in respect of the following functions:

　　2．第1款（b）项中所述的限制应包括对下列功能的限制：

(a)　　transmitting, routing, or providing connections for material without modification of its content or the intermediate and transient storage of that material done automatically in the course of such a technical process;¹²⁰

　　（a）在不对内容进行修改的情况下传送、发送材料或为材料提供连接，或在该技术过程中自动完成的对该材料的中间存储和瞬时存储；¹²⁰

¹²⁰The Parties understand that these limitations shall apply only where the Internet Service Provider does not initiate the chain of transmission of the materials, and does not select the material or its recipients.

¹²⁰缔约方理解，这些限制仅适用于互联网服务提供商没有启动材料传输链以及没有选择材料或其接收者的情况。

(b)　　caching carried out through an automated process;

　　（b）通过自动化过程实现高速缓存；

(c)　　storage, at the direction of a user, of material residing on a system or network controlled or operated by or for the Internet Service Provider; and

　　（c）根据用户指示，存储驻留在由或为该互联网服务提供商控制或运营的系统或网络上的材料；以及

(d)　　referring or linking users to an online location by using information location tools, including hyperlinks and directories.

　　（d）通过使用信息定位工具，包括超链接和目录，将用户指引至或链接至一在线位置。

3.　　To facilitate effective action to address infringement, each Party shall prescribe in its law conditions for Internet Service Providers to qualify for the limitations described in paragraph 1(b), or, alternatively, shall provide for circumstances under which Internet Service Providers do not qualify for the limitations described in paragraph 1(b):¹²¹

　　3．为便利处理侵权的有效行动，每一缔约方应在其法律中规定互联网服务提供商有资格使用第1款（b）项中所述限制的条件，或作为替代，应规定互联网服务提供商无资格使用第1款（b）项中所述限制的情况：¹²¹

¹²¹The Parties understand that a Party that has yet to implement the obligations in paragraphs 3 and 4 will do so in a manner that is both effective and consistent with that Party’s existing constitutional provisions. To that end, a Party may establish an appropriate role for the government that does not impair the timeliness of the process provided in paragraphs 3 and 4, and does not entail advance government review of each individual notice.

¹²¹缔约方理解，尚未履行第3款和第4款中义务的一缔约方将以有效且与该缔约方现行宪法规定相一致的方式履行义务。为此目的，一缔约方可为政府确立一适当角色，既不损害第3款和第4款中所规定程序的及时性，也不要求对每一份通知进行政府预先审查。

(a)　　With respect to the functions referred to in paragraphs 2(c) and 2(d), these conditions shall include a requirement for Internet Service Providers to expeditiously remove or disable access to material residing on their networks or systems upon obtaining actual knowledge of the copyright infringement or becoming aware of facts or circumstances from which the infringement is apparent, such as through receiving a notice¹²² of alleged infringement from the right holder or a person authorized to act on its behalf.

　　（a）对于第2款（c）项和第2款（d）项中所指的功能，这些条件应包括要求互联网服务提供商在得知版权侵权的实际情况或意识到明显侵权的事实或情况下，例如收到权利持有人或经授权代表权利持有人的人发来的涉嫌侵权通知¹²²，应快速移除或禁止访问驻留在其网络或系统内的材料。

¹²²For greater certainty, a notice of alleged infringement, as may be set out under a Party’s law, must contain information that:

¹²²为进一步明确，涉嫌侵权的通知，可按一缔约方法律所规定，必须包含下述信息：

(a) is reasonably sufficient to enable the Internet Service Provider to identify the work, performance or phonogram claimed to be infringed, the alleged infringing material, and the online location of the alleged infringement; and

　　（a）使互联网服务提供商能够识别声称被侵权的作品、表演或录音制品、涉嫌侵权的材料和涉嫌侵权的在线位置的合理充分信息；以及

(b) has a sufficient indicia of reliability with respect to the authority of the person sending the notice.

　　（b）对发送通知的人的权限有充分可靠性标记的信息。

(b)　　An Internet Service Provider that removes or disables access to material in good faith under subparagraph (a) shall be exempt from any liability for having done so, provided that it takes reasonable steps in advance or promptly after to notify the person whose material is removed or disabled.¹²³

　　（b）根据（a）项善意移除或禁止访问材料的互联网服务提供商应被豁免由此产生的任何责任，只要其事先或事后迅速采取合理步骤通知其材料被移除或被禁止访问的人。¹²³

¹²³With respect to the function in paragraph 2(b), a Party may limit the requirements of paragraph 3 related to an Internet Service Provider removing or disabling access to material to circumstances in which the Internet Service Provider becomes aware or receives notification that the cached material has been removed or access to it has been disabled at the originating site.

¹²³对于第2款（b）项中的职能，一缔约方可将第3款中与互联网服务提供商移除或禁止访问材料相关的要求限定于互联网服务提供商意识到或收到该缓存材料已被移除或无法访问原始网站的通知的情况。

4.　　For the purposes of the functions referred to in paragraphs 2(c) and 2(d), each Party shall establish appropriate procedures in its laws or regulations for effective notices of claimed infringement, and effective counter-notices by those whose material is removed or disabled through mistake or misidentification. If material has been removed or access has been disabled in accordance with paragraph 3, that Party shall require that the Internet Service Provider restores the material that is the subject of a counter-notice, unless the person giving the original notice seeks relief through civil judicial proceedings within a reasonable period of time as set forth in that Party’s laws or regulations.

　　4．为实现第2款（c）项和第2款（d）项所述的功能，每一缔约方应在其法律或法规中建立适当的主张侵权的有效通知程序，并为材料因错误或错误识别而被移除或禁止访问的人规定有效的反向通知制度 。如材料已依照第3款被移除或禁止访问，则该缔约方应要求该互联网服务提供商恢复反向通知所针对的材料，除非作出原通知的人在一合理期限内寻求司法救济。

5.　　Each Party shall ensure that monetary remedies are available in its legal system against a person that makes a knowing material misrepresentation in a notice or counter-notice that causes injury to any interested party¹²⁴ as a result of an Internet Service Provider relying on the misrepresentation.

　　5．每一缔约方应保证在其法律制度中可获得金钱救济，以针对在一通知或反向通知中作出故意重大虚假陈述导致互联网服务提供商因信赖该虚假陈述而对任何利害关系方¹²⁴造成损害的任何人。

¹²⁴For greater certainty, the Parties understand that, “any interested party” may be limited to those with a legal interest recognized under that Party’s law.

¹²⁴为进一步明确，缔约方理解，“任何利害关系方”可限定为根据该缔约方法律认定具有法律利益的当事方。

6.　　Eligibility for the limitations in paragraph 1 shall be conditioned on the Internet Service Provider:

　　6．使用第1款中限制的资格以互联网服务提供商的如下行为作为条件：

(a)　　adopting and reasonably implementing a policy that provides for termination in appropriate circumstances of the accounts of repeat infringers;

　　（a）采用及合理实施在适当情况下终止反复侵权者账户的政策；

(b)　　accommodating and not interfering with standard technical measures accepted in the Party’s territory that protect and identify copyrighted material, that are developed through an open, voluntary process by a broad consensus of copyright owners and service providers, that are available on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms, and that do not impose substantial costs on service providers or substantial burdens on their systems or networks; and

　　（b）包容且不干扰缔约方领土内保护和识别受版权保护材料的标准技术措施，这些措施是由达成广泛共识的版权所有者和服务提供商通过开放、自愿的过程制定的，并且可以合理和非歧视性的条件提供，不会给服务提供商带来大量成本，也不会给他们的系统或网络带来巨大负担；以及

(c)　　with respect to the functions identified in paragraphs 2(c) and 2(d), not receiving a financial benefit directly attributable to the infringing activity, in circumstances where it has the right and ability to control such activity.

　　（c）关于第2款（c）项和第2款（d）项所述的功能，在其有权利和能力控制此类活动的情况下未收到直接源于侵权活动的经济利益。

7.　　Eligibility for the limitations identified in paragraph 1 shall not be conditioned on the Internet Service Provider monitoring its service or affirmatively seeking facts indicating infringing activity, except to the extent consistent with the technical measures identified in paragraph 6(b).

　　7．使用第1款中限制的资格不得以互联网服务提供商监控其服务或以肯定方式寻找显示侵权活动的事实作为条件，除了与第6款（b）项确定的技术措施一致的情况。

8.　　Each Party shall provide procedures, whether judicial or administrative, in accordance with its legal system, and consistent with principles of due process and privacy, that enable a copyright owner that has made a legally sufficient claim of copyright infringement to obtain expeditiously from an Internet Service Provider information in the provider’s possession identifying the alleged infringer, in cases in which that information is sought for the purpose of protecting or enforcing that copyright.

　　8．每一缔约方应依照其法律制度，并在符合正当程序和隐私原则的前提下，规定司法或行政程序，使已经提出法律上充分的版权侵权请求的版权所有人，在寻求信息的目的在于保护或执行该版权的情况下，自一互联网服务提供商处快速获得该提供商持有的识别涉嫌侵权者的信息。

9.　　The Parties understand that the failure of an Internet Service Provider to qualify for the limitations in paragraph 1(b) does not itself result in liability. Further, this Article is without prejudice to the availability of other limitations and exceptions to copyright, or any other defenses under a Party’s legal system.

　　9．缔约方理解，一互联网服务提供商未获得第1款（b）项中限制的使用资格本身不产生责任。此外，本条不损害一缔约方法律制度下对版权规定的其他限制和例外或任何其他抗辩的可获性。

10. 　The Parties recognize the importance, in implementing their obligations under this Article, of taking into account the impact on the right holders and Internet Service Providers.

　　10．缔约方认识到在履行其在本条下的义务的过程中考虑对权利人和互联网服务提供商所产生的影响的重要性。

Section K:
Final Provisions

K节：最后条款

Article 20.89: Final Provisions

第20.89条　最后条款

1.　　Except as otherwise provided in Article 20.10 (Application of Chapter to Existing Subject Matter and Prior Acts) and paragraphs 2, 3, and 4, each Party shall implement the provisions of this Chapter on the date of entry into force of this Agreement.

　　1．除非在第20.10条（本章对现有客体和先前行为的适用）及第2款、第3款和第4款中另有规定，否则每一缔约方应在本协定对该缔约方生效之日实行本章规定。

2.　　During the relevant periods set out below, a Party shall not amend an existing measure or adopt a new measure that is less consistent with its obligations under the Articles referred to below for that Party than relevant measures that are in effect on the date of signature of this Agreement.

　　2．在以下所列相关期限内，一缔约方不得修正一现有措施或采取与其在以下所指针对该缔约方的各条款下的义务的相符程度低于在本协定签署之日实施的相关措施与相关义务的相符程度的一新措施。

3.　　With regard to obligations subject to a transition period, Mexico shall fully implement its obligations under the provisions of this Chapter no later than the expiration of the relevant time period specified below, which begins on the date of entry into force of this Agreement:

　　3．对于实行过渡期的义务，墨西哥应在不迟于以下所规定的相关时限届满时完全履行其在本章规定下的义务，该期限自本协定生效之日开始：

(a)　　Article 20.7 (International Agreements), UPOV 1991, four years;

　　（a）第20.7条（国际协定），1991年UPOV公约，4年；

(b)　　Article 20.45 (Protection of Undisclosed Test or Other Data for Agricultural Chemical Products), five years;

　　（b）第20.45条（对农业化学品的未披露试验或其他数据的保护），5年；

(c)　　Article 20.46 (Patent Term Adjustment for Unreasonable Curtailment), 4.5 years;

　　（c）第20.46条（不合理缩短而调整专利保护期），4.5年；

(d)　　Article 20.48 (Protection of Undisclosed Test or Other Data), five years;

　　（d）第20.48条（保护未披露试验或其他数据），5年；

(e)　　Article 20.70 (Civil Protection and Enforcement), Article 20.73 (Provisional Measures) and Article 20.75 (Civil Remedies), five years; and

　　（e）第20.70条（民事保护和执法）、第20.73条（临时措施）和第20.75条（民事救济），5年；以及

(f)　　Articles 20.87 (Internet Service Providers) and 20.88 (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors), three years.

　　（f）第20.87条（互联网服务提供商）和第20.88条（法律救济和安全港），3年。

4.　　With regard to obligations subject to a transition period, Canada shall fully implement its obligations under the provisions of this Chapter no later than the expiration of the relevant time period specified below, which begins on the date of entry into force of this Agreement.

　　4．对于实行过渡期的义务，加拿大应在不迟于以下所规定的相关时限届满时完全履行其在本章规定下的义务，该期限自本协定生效之日开始：

(a)　　Article 20.7.2(f) (International Agreements), four years;

　　（a）第20.7条（国际协定）第2款（f）项，4年；

(b)　　Article 20.44 (Patent Term Adjustment for Unreasonable Granting Authority Delays), 4.5 years; and

　　（b）第20.44条（因专利局的延迟而调整专利保护期），4.5年；以及

(c)　　Article 20.62(a) (Term of Protection for Copyright and Related Rights), 2.5 years.

　　（c）第20.62条（版权和相关权的保护期）（a）项，2.5年。

ANNEX 20-A

附件20-A

ANNEX TO ARTICLE 20.50

第20.50条的附件

1.　　As an alternative to implementing Article 20.50, and subject to paragraph 2, Mexico may instead maintain a system other than judicial proceedings that precludes, based upon patent-related information submitted to the marketing approval authority by a patent holder or the applicant for marketing approval, or based on direct coordination between the marketing approval authority and the patent office, the issuance of marketing approval to any third person seeking to market a pharmaceutical product subject to a patent claiming that product, unless by consent or acquiescence of the patent holder.

　　1．作为实施第20.50条的替代以及根据第2款的规定，墨西哥应维持一个司法程序之外的制度。在该制度下，除非经专利持有人的同意或默许，不得基于专利持有人或上市许可申请人向上市许可审批机关提交的与专利相关的信息，或基于上市许可审批机关与专利局之间的直接协调，向寻求上市销售该专利药品的任何第三方发放上市许可。

2.　　If Mexico maintains the system referred to in paragraph 1, Mexico shall ensure that in administrative proceedings under that system:

　　2．若墨西哥维持第1款所述的制度，墨西哥应保证在该制度下在行政程序中：

(a)　　a person of another Party that is directly affected by the proceeding is provided, whenever possible and, in accordance with domestic procedures, with reasonable notice of the initiation of a proceeding, including a description of the nature of the proceeding, a statement of the legal authority under which the proceeding is initiated and a general description of the issue in question;

　　（a）在可能的情况下并依据其国内程序，向直接受该程序影响的另一缔约方的人员提供启动程序的合理通知，其中包括对程序性质的描述，受理程序的法律机关的声明以及对有关问题的一般描述；

(b)　　a person of another Party that is directly affected by the proceeding is afforded a reasonable opportunity to present facts and arguments in support of that person’s position prior to any final administrative action, when time, the nature of the proceeding, and the public interest permit; and

　　（b）在时间、程序的性质和公共利益允许的情况下，向直接受该程序影响的另一缔约方的人员提供合理的机会，让其在任何最终行政行动启动前提交支持其立场的事实和论据；以及

(c)　　the procedures are in accordance with its law.

　　（c）使该程序符合其法律。

ANNEX 20-B

附件20-B

ANNEX TO SECTION J

J节的附件

1.　　In order to facilitate the enforcement of copyright online and to avoid unwarranted market disruption in the online environment, Articles 20.88.3, 20.88.4, and 20.88.6 (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors) shall not apply to a Party provided that, as from the date of agreement in principle of this Agreement, the Party continues to:

　　1．为便利在互联网上的版权实施并避免网络环境中无端市场干扰，第20.88条（法律救济和安全港）第3款、第20.88条第4款和第20.88条第6款不得适用于一缔约方，只要自本协定原则上达成一致之日起，该缔约方继续：

(a)　　prescribe in its law circumstances under which Internet Service Providers do not qualify for the limitations described in Article 20.88.1(b) (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors);

　　（a）在其法律中规定互联网服务提供商无资格使用第20.88条（法律救济与安全港）第1款（b）项中所述限制的情况；

(b)　　provide statutory secondary liability for copyright infringement in cases in which a person, by means of the Internet or another digital network, provides a service primarily for the purpose of enabling acts of copyright infringement, in relation to factors set out in its law, such as:

　　（b）对于一人通过互联网或其他数字网络提供以促成版权侵权行为为主要目的的一服务的情况，规定版权侵权的法定间接责任，就其法律中所规定的因素而言，例如：

(i) whether the person marketed or promoted the service as one that could be used to enable acts of copyright infringement;

　　（i）该人是否将该服务作为可用于促成版权侵权行为的服务进行营销或推广；

(ii) whether the person had knowledge that the service was used to enable a significant number of acts of copyright infringement;

　　（ii）该人是否知道该服务曾用于促成大量版权侵权行为；

(iii) whether the service has significant uses other than to enable acts of copyright infringement;

　　（iii）除促成版权侵权行为外，该服务是否具有其他重要用途；

(iv) the person’s ability, as part of providing the service, to limit acts of copyright infringement, and any action taken by the person to do so;

　　（iv）作为提供该服务的一部分，该人限制版权侵权行为的能力，以及该人为此采取的任何行动；

(v) any benefits the person received as a result of enabling the acts of copyright infringement; and

　　（v）该人自促成版权侵权行为所获任何利益；以及

(vi) the economic viability of the service if it were not used to enable acts of copyright infringement;

　　（vi）如不用于促成版权侵权行为，该服务的经济实用性。

(c)　　require Internet Service Providers carrying out the functions referred to in Article 20.88.2(a) and (c) (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors) to participate in a system for forwarding notices of alleged infringement, including if material is made available online, and if the Internet Service Provider fails to do so, subjecting that provider to pre-established monetary damages for that failure;

　　（c）要求互联网服务提供商履行第20.88条（法律救济和安全港）第2款（a）项和（c）项中所指职能，参加一转发涉嫌侵权通知的系统，包括如材料可在线获得且如互联网服务提供商未能如此做，则要求该提供商为其不作为承担法定金钱赔偿责任；

(d)　　induce Internet Service Providers offering information location tools to remove within a specified period of time any reproductions of material that they make, and communicate to the public, as part of offering the information location tool upon receiving a notice of alleged infringement and after the original material has been removed from the electronic location set out in the notice; and

　　（d）引导提供信息定位工具的互联网服务提供商在一规定期限内移除其对材料所作的任何复制，并作为其提供信息定位工具的一部分，在收到涉嫌侵权通知时和原始材料已被从通知中列出的电子位置移除后告知公众；以及

(e)　　induce Internet Service Providers carrying out the function referred to in Article 20.88.2(c) (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors) to remove or disable access to material upon becoming aware of a decision of a court of that Party to the effect that the person storing the material infringes copyright in the material.

　　（e）引导互联网服务提供商履行第20.88条（法律救济和安全港）第2款（c）项中所列职能，在得知该缔约方一法院判决存储该材料的人侵犯该材料版权时移除或禁止访问该材料。

2.　　For a Party to which Articles 20.88.3, 20.88.4, and 20.88.6 (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors) do not apply pursuant to paragraph 1, and in light of, among other things, paragraph 1(b), for the purposes of Article 20.88.1(a), legal incentives shall not mean the conditions for Internet Service Providers to qualify for the limitations provided for in Article 20.88.1(b), as set out in Article 20.88.3.

　　2．对于根据本附件第1款不适用第20.88条（法律救济和安全港）第3款、第20.88条第4款和第20.88条第6款的一缔约方，并按照本附件第1款（b）项等规定，就第20.88条第1款（a）项而言，法律激励不得指互联网服务提供商有资格使用第20.88条第1款（b）项中所规定限制的条件，如第20.88条第3款中所列。

3.　　Pursuant to paragraph 1, for a Party to which Articles 20.88.3, 20.88.4, and 20.88.6 (Legal Remedies and Safe Harbors) do not apply:

　　3．对于根据本附件第1款不适用第20.88条（法律救济和安全港）第3款、第20.88条第4款和第20.88条第6款的一缔约方：

(a)　　the term “modification” in paragraphs 20.87.1(a) and 20.88.2(a) does not include modifications made for solely technical reasons such as division into packets; and

　　（a）第20.87条第1款（a）项和第20.88条第2款（b）项中的“修改”不包括仅出于技术原因所作的修改，例如分成数据包；以及

(b)　　with regard to paragraph 20.88.7, “except to the extent consistent with the technical measures identified in paragraph 6(b)” does not apply.

　　（b）关于第20.88条第7款，“除了与第6款（b）项确定的技术措施一致的情况”不适用。