ACT OF 1991
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF PLANTS |
1991年文本
国际植物新品种保护公约 |
of December 2, 1961,
as Revised at Geneva on November 10, 1972,
on October 23, 1978, and on March 19, 1991 |
1961年12月2日制定，
1972年11月10日、 1978年10月23日及
1991年3月29日在日内瓦修订
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CHAPTER I
DEFINITIONS |
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Article 1
Definitions |
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| For the purposes of this Act: |
本文本的目的： |
| (i) “this Convention” means the present (1991) Act of the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants;
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| （1）“本公约”系指国际植物新品种保护公约目前的文本（1991）； |
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| (ii) “Act of 1961/1972” means the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants of December 2, 1961, as amended by the Additional Act of November 10, 1972;
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| （2）“1961／1972年文本”系指1961年12月2日制定的，1972年11月10日补充修订的国际植物新品种保护公约的文本； |
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| (iii) "Act of 1978" means the Act of October 23, 1978, of the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants; |
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| （3）“1978年文本”系指1978年10月23日制定的国际植物新品种保护公约的文本； |
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| - the person who bred, or discovered and developed, a variety, |
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| - the person who is the employer of the aforementioned person or who has commissioned the latter's work, where the laws of the relevant Contracting Party so provide, or |
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| － 上述人员的雇主或按照有关缔约方的法律规定代理雇主工作的人；或 |
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| - the successor in title of the first or second aforementioned person, as the case may be; |
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| (v) “breeder’s right” means the right of the breeder provided
for in this Convention; |
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| （5）“育种者的权利”系指根据本公约向育种者提供的权利； |
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| (vi) “variety” means a plant grouping within a single botanical taxon of the lowest known rank, which grouping, irrespective of whether the conditions for the grant of a breeder’s right are fully met, can be |
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| （6）“品种”系指已知植物最低分类单元中单一的植物群，不论授予育种者的权利的条件是否充分满足，该植物群可以是 |
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| - defined by the expression of the characteristics resulting from a given genotype or combination of genotypes, |
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| － 以某一特定基因型或基因型组合表达的特征来确定， |
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| - distinguished from any other plant grouping by the expression of at least
one of the said characteristics and |
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| － 至少表现出上述的一种特性，以区别于任何其他植物群，并且 |
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| - considered as a unit with regard to its suitability for being propagated
unchanged; |
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| (vii) “Contracting Party” means a State or an intergovernmental organization
party to this Convention; |
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| （7）“缔约方”系指参加本公约的一个国家或一个政府间组织； |
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| (viii) “territory,” in relation to a Contracting Party, means, where the
Contracting Party is a State, the territory of that State and, where the
Contracting Party is an intergovernmental organization, the territory in which
the constituting treaty of that intergovernmental organization applies; |
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| （8）“领土”对于缔约方来讲，当缔约方是一个国家时，则指那个国家的领土；当缔约方是一个政府间组织时，则为该政府间组织制定的协议所适用的领土； |
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| (ix) “authority” means the authority referred to in Article 30(1)(ii); |
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| （9）“主管机关”系指第三十条一款（2）所述的主管机关； |
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| (x) “Union” means the Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants
founded by the Act of 1961 and further mentioned in the Act of 1972, the Act of
1978 and in this Convention; |
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| （10）“联盟”系指根据1961年文本成立并在1972年文本、1978年文本和本公约中进一步提及的国际植物新品种保护联盟； |
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| (xi) “member of the Union” means a State party to the Act of 1961/1972 or
the Act of 1978, or a Contracting Party. |
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| （11）“联盟成员”系指1961／1972年文本或1978年文本的缔约国家或缔约方。 |
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CHAPTER II
GENERAL OBLIGATIONS OF THE CONTRACTING PARTIES
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第二章
缔约方总的义务 |
Article 2
Basic Obligation of the Contracting Parties |
第二条
缔约方的基本义务
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| Each Contracting Party shall grant and protect breeders’
rights. |
每个缔约方应授予和保护育种者的权利。 |
Article 3
Genera and Species to be Protected
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第三条
受保护的属和种 |
| (1) [States already members of the Union] Each Contracting
Party which is bound by the Act of 1961/1972 or the Act of 1978 shall apply the
provisions of this Convention, |
一、［已是联盟成员的国家］受1961／1972年文本或1978年文本约束的各缔约方应实施本公约规定条款。 |
| (i) at the date on which it becomes bound by this Convention, to all plant genera and species to which it applies, on the said date, the provisions of the Act of 1961/1972 or the Act of 1978 and, |
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| （1）从受本公约约束之日起，适用于1961／1972年文本或1978年文本规定的所有植物属和种，也都于上述之日起适用于本公约； |
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| (ii) at the latest by the expiration of a period of five years after the said date, to all plant genera and species. |
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| （2）最迟自上述之日起，至五年期满时，适用于所有植物属和种。 |
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| (2) [New members of the Union] Each Contracting Party which is
not bound by the Act of 1961/1972 or the Act of 1978 shall apply the provisions
of this Convention, |
二、［联盟的新成员］不受1961／1972年文本或1978年文本约束的各缔约方应实施本公约规定条款。 |
| (i) at the date on which it becomes bound by this Convention, to at least 15
plant genera or species and, |
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| （1）自受本公约约束之日起，至少适用于十五个植物属和种； |
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(ii) at the latest by the expiration of a period of 10 years from the said date,
to all plant genera and species |
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| （2）最迟自上述之日起，至十年期满时，适用于所有植物属和种。 |
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Article 4
National Treatment
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| (1) [Treatment] Without prejudice to the rights specified
in this Convention, nationals of a Contracting Party as well as natural persons
resident and legal entities having their registered offices within the territory
of a Contracting Party shall, insofar as the grant and protection of breeders’
rights are concerned, enjoy within the territory of each other Contracting Party
the same treatment as is accorded or may hereafter be accorded by the laws of
each such other Contracting Party to its own nationals, provided that the said
nationals, natural persons or legal entities comply with the conditions and
formalities imposed on the nationals of the said other Contracting Party. |
一、［待遇］在不损害本公约规定的权利的前提下，缔约方的国民以及自然人居民和在缔约方的领土内有其注册办事处的法人，就育种者权利的授予和保护而言，在缔约方各自的领土内，相互享有另一缔约方根据其法律所给予或将给予其自己的国民同等的待遇，只要上述国民、自然人或法人遵守上述另一缔约方对国民的规定条件和手续。 |
| (2) [“Nationals”] For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, “nationals” means, where the
Contracting Party is a State, the nationals of that State and, where the
Contracting Party is an intergovernmental organization, the nationals of the
States which are members of that organization. |
二、［国民］在前款中，“国民”的概念是：如果缔约方是一个国家，那么就指那个国家的国民，如果缔约方是一个政府间组织，则指那个组织各成员国的国民。 |
CHAPTER III
CONDITIONS FOR THE GRANT OF THE BREEDER’S RIGHT
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第三章
授予育种者权利的条件
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Article 5
Conditions of Protection
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| (1) [Criteria to be satisfied] The breeder’s right shall be granted where the variety is |
一、［需符合的标准］当品种符合下列条件时将授予育种者权利： |
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| (2) [Other conditions] The grant of the breeder’s right shall
not be subject to any further or different conditions, provided that the variety
is designated by a denomination in accordance with the provisions of Article 20,
that the applicant complies with the formalities provided for by the law of the
Contracting Party with whose authority the application has been filed and that
he pays the required fees. |
二、［其他条件］凡育种者育出的品种是按照第二十条规定的名称命名的，申请者履行缔约方法律规定的手续，向主管机关提出申请，交纳必要的手续费，则对育种者权利的授予就不应附带任何其他的条件。 |
Article 6
Novelty
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| (1) [Criteria] The variety shall be deemed to be new if, at the
date of filing of the application for a breeder’s right, propagating or
harvested material of the variety has not been sold or otherwise disposed of to
others, by or with the consent of the breeder, for purposes of exploitation of
the variety |
一、［标准］一个品种应被认为具有新颖性，如果在育种者权利申请书提交之日，该品种的繁殖或收获材料尚未因利用该品种之目的被育种者本人或经其同意出售或转让他人 |
| (i) in the territory of the Contracting Party in which the application has
been filed earlier than one year before that date and |
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| （1）在提交申请书的缔约方领土上距该提交日未超过一年； |
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| (ii) in a territory other than that of the Contracting Party in which the
application has been filed earlier than four years or, in the case of trees or
of vines, earlier than six years before the said date. |
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| （2）在提交申请书的缔约方以外的领土上，距该提交日未超过四年，或在树木或藤本的情况下未超过六年。 |
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| (2) [Varieties of recent creation] Where a Contracting Party
applies this Convention to a plant genus or species to which it did not
previously apply this Convention or an earlier Act, it may consider a variety of
recent creation existing at the date of such extension of protection to satisfy
the condition of novelty defined in paragraph (1) even where the sale or
disposal to others described in that paragraph took place earlier than the time
limits defined in that paragraph. |
二、［新培育的品种］凡缔约方在对以前未实施本公约或先前文本的某一植物属或种实施本公约时，对在申请之日已有的某一品种可以看作符合一款规定的新培育的品种，即使其销售或转让他人早于该款规定的期限。 |
| (3) [“Territory” in certain cases] For the purposes of
paragraph (1), all the Contracting Parties which are member States of one and
the same intergovernmental organization may act jointly, where the regulations
of that organization so require, to assimilate acts done on the territories of
the States members of that organization to acts done on their own territories
and, should they do so, shall notify the Secretary-General accordingly. |
三、［某些情况下的“领土”］为实施一款，在所有缔约方均为同一政府间组织的成员国的情况下，当该组织的章程有要求时，可以在该组织的成员国家领土上采取行动统一行动，在其各自领土上开展相同的活动，但在这样做时，应报告秘书长。 |
Article 7
Distinctness
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| The variety shall be deemed to be distinct if it is clearly
distinguishable from any other variety whose existence is a matter of common
knowledge at the time of the filing of the application. In particular, the
filing of an application for the granting of a breeder’s right or for the
entering of another variety in an official register of varieties, in any
country, shall be deemed to render that other variety a matter of common
knowledge from the date of the application, provided that the application leads
to the granting of a breeder’s right or to the entering of the said other
variety in the official register of varieties, as the case may be. |
如果一个品种在申请书登记之时显然有别于已知的任何其他品种，则这个品种应被认为是特异的。特别是，在任何国家里，如果一个其他品种的育种者权利申请或在法定的品种登记处登记的申请，获得了育种者的权利或者在法定的品种登记处登记，则应认为从申请之日起，该其他品种便是已知的品种。 |
Article 8
Uniformity |
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| The variety shall be deemed to be uniform if, subject to the
variation that may be expected from the particular features of its propagation,
it is sufficiently uniform in its relevant characteristics. |
一个品种从其繁殖的特点预期可能出现变异的情况下，如果其有关特性表现足够的整齐一致，则该品种应被认为具有一致性。 |
Article 9
Stability
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| The variety shall be deemed to be stable if its relevant
characteristics remain unchanged after repeated propagation or, in the case of a
particular cycle of propagation, at the end of each such cycle. |
如果一个品种经过反复繁殖其有关特性保持不变，或者在特定繁殖周期的每个周期末尾其有关特性保持不变，则该品种就应认为是稳定的。 |
CHAPTER IV
APPLICATION FOR THE GRANT OF THE BREEDER’S RIGHT
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第四章
申请育种者权利 |
Article 10
Filing of Applications
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| (1) [Place of first application] The breeder may choose the
Contracting Party with whose authority he wishes to file his first application
for a breeder’s right. |
一、［首次申请地］申请育种者权利的育种者可按自己的意愿选择提交首次申请的缔约方。 |
| (2) [Time of subsequent applications] The breeder may apply to
the authorities of other Contracting Parties for the grant of breeders’ rights
without waiting for the grant to him of a breeder’s right by the authority of
the Contracting Party with which the first application was filed. |
二、［续后申请时间］在受理首次申请的缔约方主管机关尚未批准授予育种者权利之前，育种者有权向其他缔约方的主管机关提交育种者权利的申请。 |
| (3) [Independence of protection] No Contracting Party shall
refuse to grant a breeder’s right or limit its duration on the ground that
protection for the same variety has not been applied for, has been refused or
has expired in any other State or intergovernmental organization. |
三、［保护的互不依赖性］任何缔约方均不得以对同一品种未向其他国家或政府间组织提交保护申请，或这种申请已被拒绝或其保护期已满为由，拒绝授予育种者权利或限制其保护期限。 |
Article 11
Right of Priority
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| (1) [The right; its period] Any breeder who has duly filed an
application for the protection of a variety in one of the Contracting Parties
(the “first application”) shall, for the purpose of filing an application for
the grant of a breeder’s right for the same variety with the authority of any
other Contracting Party (the “subsequent application”), enjoy a right of
priority for a period of 12 months. This period shall be computed from the date
of filing of the first application. The day of filing shall not be included in
the latter period. |
一、［优先权及其期限］凡已正式向缔约方之一提交保护某一品种的申请（“首次申请”）的育种者，出于为获得同一品种育种者权利而向其他缔约方主管机关提交申请（“续后申请”）时，均享有为期十二个月的优先权，这个期限从提交首次申请之日算起，申请的当日不计在内。 |
| (2) [Claiming the right] In order to benefit from the right of
priority, the breeder shall, in the subsequent application, claim the priority
of the first application. The authority with which the subsequent application
has been filed may require the breeder to furnish, within a period of not less
than three months from the filing date of the subsequent application, a copy of
the documents which constitute the first application, certified to be a true
copy by the authority with which that application was filed, and samples or
other evidence that the variety which is the subject matter of both applications
is the same. |
二、［优先权要求书］育种者为从优先权中获益，在提交续后申请时有权要求享有首次申请的优先权。受理续后申请的主管机关可以要育种者在一定时间内（从提交续后申请之日起不少于三个月）提供有关文件，包括经受理首次申请的主管机关证实为真实文本的首次申请的副本和样品或其他证据，证明两次申请的主题内容是同一个品种。 |
| (3) [Documents and material] The breeder shall be allowed a
period of two years after the expiration of the period of priority or, where the
first application is rejected or withdrawn, an appropriate time after such
rejection or withdrawal, in which to furnish, to the authority of the
Contracting Party with which he has filed the subsequent application, any
necessary information, document or material required for the purpose of the
examination under Article 12, as required by the laws of that Contracting Party. |
三、［文件和材料］允许育种者在优先权期满后两年之内，或在首次申请被拒绝或撤出后的适当时间内，向续后申请受理主管机关提供根据该缔约国法律需要的信息、文件或材料，以满足第十二条所指的审查要求。 |
| (4) [Events occurring during the period] Events occurring
within the period provided for in paragraph (1), such as the filing of another
application or the publication or use of the variety that is the subject of the
first application, shall not constitute a ground for rejecting the subsequent
application. Such events shall also not give rise to any third-party right. |
四、［该期限内发生的事件］一款中所规定的期限内发生的事件，例如另提申请或首次申请所涉及品种的公开或利用，不能成为拒绝受理续后申请的理由。这类事件也不应产生第三方之权利。 |
Article 12
Examination of the Application
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| Any decision to grant a breeder’s right shall require an
examination for compliance with the conditions under Articles 5 to 9. In the
course of the examination, the authority may grow the variety or carry out other
necessary tests, cause the growing of the variety or the carrying out of other
necessary tests, or take into account the results of growing tests or other
trials which have already been carried out. For the purposes of examination, the
authority may require the breeder to furnish all the necessary information,
documents or material. |
决定授予育种者权利之前，应就其是否按照第五至第九条的规定进行审查。审查中，受理主管机关可种植该品种或进行其他必要测试，促使该品种进行种植或其他必要的测试，或考虑种植测试结果或其他已进行试种的结果。为进行审查，受理主管机关可以要求育种者提供一切必要的信息、文件或材料。 |
Article 13
Provisional Protection
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| Each Contracting Party shall provide measures designed to
safeguard the interests of the breeder during the period between the filing or
the publication of the application for the grant of a breeder’s right and the
grant of that right. Such measures shall have the effect that the holder of a
breeder’s right shall at least be entitled to equitable remuneration from any
person who, during the said period, has carried out acts which, once the right
is granted, require the breeder’s authorization as provided in Article 14. A
Contracting Party may provide that the said measures shall only take effect in
relation to persons whom the breeder has notified of the filing of the
application. |
各缔约方应采取措施，以便在从提交或公布育种者权利申请至授予育种者权利之间的期间内，保护育种者的权利。这类措施应有如下效力，即一旦授权，凡在上述期间有十四条规定需获育种者同意的行为者，育种者权利持有人至少应有权从该处获得公平的报酬。缔约方可规定这类措施只适用于育种者已告知其申请的有关人员。 |
CHAPTER V
THE RIGHTS OF THE BREEDER |
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Article 14
Scope of the Breeder’s Right |
第十四条
育种者权利适用范围 |
| (1) [Acts in respect of the propagating material] |
一、［与繁殖材料有关的活动］ |
| (a) Subject to Articles 15 and 16, the following acts in respect of the
propagating material of the protected variety shall require the authorization of
the breeder: |
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| （一）除第十五条和第十六条另有规定，涉及受保护品种繁殖材料的下列活动需要育种者授权： |
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| (i) production or reproduction (multiplication), |
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| (ii) conditioning for the purpose of propagation, |
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| (iv) selling or other marketing, |
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| (vii) stocking for any of the purposes mentioned in (i) to (vi), above. |
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| (b) The breeder may make his authorization subject to conditions and limitations. |
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| (2) [Acts in respect of the harvested material] Subject to
Articles 15 and 16, the acts referred to in items (i) to (vii) of paragraph
(1)(a) in respect of harvested material, including entire plants and parts of
plants, obtained through the unauthorized use of propagating material of the
protected variety shall require the authorization of the breeder, unless the
breeder has had reasonable opportunity to exercise his right in relation to the
said propagating material. |
二、［有关收获材料的活动］除第十五和十六条另有规定，从事一款（一）项中（1）至（7）各项活动，涉及由未经授权使用受保护品种的繁殖材料而获得的收获材料，包括整株和植株部分时，应得到育种者授权，但育种者对繁殖材料已有合理机会行使其权力的情况例外。 |
| (3) [Acts in respect of certain products] Each Contracting
Party may provide that, subject to Articles 15 and 16, the acts referred to in
items (i) to (vii) of paragraph (1)(a) in respect of products made directly from
harvested material of the protected variety falling within the provisions of
paragraph (2) through the unauthorized use of the said harvested material shall
require the authorization of the breeder, unless the breeder has had reasonable
opportunity to exercise his right in relation to the said harvested material. |
三、［与某些产品有关的活动］除第十五条和第十六条另有规定，各缔约方可作出规定，从事一款（一）项中（1）至（7）各项活动，在涉及用二款中所指的由未经授权使用的受保护品种的收获材料直接制作的产品时，应得到育种者授权，但育种者对该收获材料已有合理机会行使其权利的情况例外。 |
| (4) [Possible additional acts] Each Contracting Party may
provide that, subject to Articles 15 and 16, acts other than those referred to
in items (i) to (vii) of paragraph (1)(a) shall also require the authorization
of the breeder. |
四、［可追加的活动］除第十五和十六条另有规定，各缔约方可作出规定，除一款（一）项中（1）至（7）各项外，从事其他活动也应得到育种者授权。 |
| (5) [Essentially derived and certain other varieties]
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五、［依赖性派生品种和某些其他品种］ |
| (a) The provisions of paragraphs (1) to (4) shall also apply in relation to |
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| (i) varieties which are essentially derived from the protected variety,
where the protected variety is not itself an essentially derived variety, |
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| （1）受保护品种的依赖性派生品种，而受保护品种本身不是依赖性派生品种； |
|
| (ii) varieties which are not clearly distinguishable in accordance with
Article 7 from the protected variety and |
|
| （2）与受保护品种没有第七条所规定的有明显区别的品种； |
|
| (iii) varieties whose production requires the repeated use of the protected
variety. |
|
|
| (b) For the purposes of subparagraph (a)(i), a variety shall be deemed to be
essentially derived from another variety (“the initial variety”) when |
|
| （二）出现下列情况时，一品种被看作（一）项（1）中所述从另一品种（“原始品种”）依赖性派生的品种 |
|
| (i) it is predominantly derived from the initial variety, or from a variety
that is itself predominantly derived from the initial variety, while retaining
the expression of the essential characteristics that result from the genotype or
combination of genotypes of the initial variety, |
|
| （1）从原始品种依赖性派生或从本身就是该原始品种的依赖性派生品种产生的依赖性派生的品种，同时又保留表达由原始品种基因型或基因型组合产生的基本特性；
|
|
| (ii) it is clearly distinguishable from the initial variety and |
|
|
| (iii) except for the differences which result from the act of derivation, it
conforms to the initial variety in the expression of the essential
characteristics that result from the genotype or combination of genotypes of the
initial variety. |
|
| （3）除派生引起的性状有所差异外，在表达由原始品种基因型或基因型组合产生的基本特性方面与原始品种相同。 |
|
| (c) Essentially derived varieties may be obtained for example by the selection of a natural or induced mutant, or of a somaclonal variant, the selection of a variant individual from plants of the initial variety, backcrossing, or transformation by genetic engineering. |
|
| （三）依赖性派生品种可通过选择天然或诱变株、或体细胞无性变异株，从原始品种中选择变异、回交或经遗传工程转化等获得。 |
|
Article15
Exceptions to the Breeder’s Right
|
第十五条
育种者权利的例外 |
| (1) [Compulsory exceptions] The breeder’s right shall not
extend to |
一、［强制性例外］育种者权利不适用于下列各项： |
| (i) acts done privately and for non-commercial purposes, |
|
|
| (ii) acts done for experimental purposes and |
|
|
| (iii) acts done for the purpose of breeding other varieties, and, except
where the provisions of Article 14(5) apply, acts referred to in Article 14(1)
to (4) in respect of such other varieties. |
|
| （3）为培育其他品种的活动和该其他品种按第十四条一至四款规定的有关活动，依照第十四条五款实施的除外。
|
|
| (2) [Optional exception] Notwithstanding Article 14, each
Contracting Party may, within reasonable limits and subject to the safeguarding
of the legitimate interests of the breeder, restrict the breeder’s right in
relation to any variety in order to permit farmers to use for propagating
purposes, on their own holdings, the product of the harvest which they have
obtained by planting, on their own holdings, the protected variety or a variety
covered by Article 14(5)(a)(i) or (ii). |
二、［非强制性例外］尽管有第十四条条款规定，各缔约方在合理的范围内，并在保护育种者合法权益的条件下，仍可对任何品种的育种者权利予以限制，以便农民在自己土地上为繁殖之目的，而使用在其土地上种植的保护品种所收获的产品或第十四条五款（一）项（1）或（2）所指品种收获的产品。
|
Article16
Exhaustion of the Breeder’s Right
|
|
| (1) [Exhaustion of right] The breeder’s right shall not extend
to acts concerning any material of the protected variety, or of a variety
covered by the provisions of Article 14(5), which has been sold or otherwise
marketed by the breeder or with his consent in the territory of the Contracting
Party concerned, or any material derived from the said material, unless such
acts |
一、［权利用尽］受保护品种的材料或第十四条五款所指品种的材料，已由育种者本人或经其同意在有关缔约方领土内出售或在市场销售，或任何从所述材料派生的材料，育种者权利均不适用，除非这类活动：
|
| (i) involve further propagation of the variety in question or |
|
|
| (ii) involve an export of material of the variety, which enables the
propagation of the variety, into a country which does not protect varieties of
the plant genus or species to which the variety belongs, except where the
exported material is for final consumption purposes. |
|
| （2）涉及能使该品种繁殖的材料出口到一个不保护该品种所属植物属或种的国家，但出口材料用于最终消费的情况不在此例。
|
|
| (2) [Meaning of “material”] For the purposes of paragraph (1),
“material” means, in relation to a variety, |
二、［“材料”的含义］一款所指“材料”的含义为与某一品种有关的
|
| (i) propagating material of any kind, |
|
|
| (ii) harvested material, including entire plants and parts of plants, and |
|
|
| (iii) any product made directly from the harvested material. |
|
|
| (3) [“Territory” in certain cases] For the purposes of
paragraph (1), all the Contracting Parties which are member States of one and
the same intergovernmental organization may act jointly, where the regulations
of that organization so require, to assimilate acts done on the territories of
the States members of that organization to acts done on their own territories
and, should they do so, shall notify the Secretary-General accordingly. |
三、［某些情况下所指的“领土”］为一款之目的，属一个和同一政府间组织成员国的所有缔约方，可按其组织章程采取统一行动，使该组织成员国领土范围内的行动与各国领土上的行动协调一致，如果这样做，应就此通报秘书长。
|
Article 17
Restrictions on the Exercise of the Breeder’s Right |
第十七条
行使育种者权利的限制条件 |
| (1) [Public interest] Except where expressly provided in this Convention, no Contracting Party may restrict the free exercise of a breeder’s right for reasons other than of public interest. |
一、［公共利益］除本公约明文规定外，任何缔约方不得以除公共利益外的其他理由限制自由行使育种者权利。
|
| (2) [Equitable remuneration] When any such restriction has the effect of authorizing a third party to perform any act for which the breeder’s authorization is required, the Contracting Party concerned shall take all measures necessary to ensure that the breeder receives equitable remuneration. |
二、［公平报酬］如果这类限制具有授权第三方从事需经育种者认可的活动的效力，有关缔约方应采取一切必需措施，以确保育种者得到公平报酬。
|
Article 18
Measures Regulating Commerce |
第十八条
管理商业性活动的措施 |
| The breeder’s right shall be independent of any measure taken
by a Contracting Party to regulate within its territory the production,
certification and marketing of material of varieties or the importing or
exporting of such material. In any case, such measures shall not affect the
application of the provisions of this Convention. |
育种者权利应独立于任何缔约方在其领土内对品种繁殖材料的生产、许可证和销售或该材料的进出口活动进行管理采取的措施，在任何情况下，这类措施均不应妨碍本公约条款的实施。
|
Article 19
Duration of the Breeder’s Right
|
|
| (1) [Period of protection] The breeder’s right shall be granted
for a fixed period. |
一、［保护期限］育种者权利的授予应有固定期限。
|
| (2) [Minimum period] The said period shall not be shorter than
20 years from the date of the grant of the breeder’s right. For trees and vines,
the said period shall not be shorter than 25 years from the said date. |
二、［最短期限］该期限应自授予育种者权利之日起不少于二十年，对于树木和藤本植物，该期限应自所述之日起不少于二十五年。
|
CHAPTER VI
VARIETY DENOMINATION |
|
Article 20
Variety Denomination |
|
| (1) [Designation of varieties by denominations; use of the
denomination] |
一、［品种名称的命名；名称的使用］ |
| (a) The variety shall be designated by a denomination which will be its
generic designation. |
|
|
| (b) Each Contracting Party shall ensure that, subject to paragraph (4), no
rights in the designation registered as the denomination of the variety shall
hamper the free use of the denomination in connection with the variety, even
after the expiration of the breeder’s right. |
|
| （二）除四款另有规定外，各缔约方应确保命名的品种名称的注册不妨碍自由使用与该品种有关的名称，即使是在该育种者权利期满之后。
|
|
| (2) [Characteristics of the denomination] The denomination must
enable the variety to be identified. It may not consist solely of figures except
where this is an established practice for designating varieties. It must not be
liable to mislead or to cause confusion concerning the characteristics, value or
identity of the variety or the identity of the breeder. In particular, it must
be different from every denomination which designates, in the territory of any
Contracting Party, an existing variety of the same plant species or of a closely
related species. |
二、［名称特点］名称应具有区别品种的能力。名称不能仅用数字表示，已成为品种命名惯例的情况除外，名称不应导致误解，或在品种特性、价值或类别或育种者身份方面造成混淆。尤其是名称必须异于各缔约方领土内相同种或近似种已有品种的任何名称。
|
| (3) [Registration of the denomination] The denomination of the
variety shall be submitted by the breeder to the authority. If it is found that
the denomination does not satisfy the requirements of paragraph (2), the
authority shall refuse to register it and shall require the breeder to propose
another denomination within a prescribed period. The denomination shall be
registered by the authority at the same time as the breeder’s right is granted. |
三、［名称注册］品种名称应由育种者提交主管机关。主管机关如发现提交的名称不符合二款规定，应拒绝注册并要求育种者在规定的时限内另提一个名称。品种名称应由主管机关在授予育种者权利的同时予以注册。
|
(4) [Prior rights of third persons]
Prior rights of third persons shall not be affected. If, by reason of a prior
right, the use of the denomination of a variety is forbidden to a person who, in
accordance with the provisions of paragraph (7), is obliged to use it, the
authority shall require the breeder to submit another denomination for the
variety. |
四、［第三方占先权］不得影响第三方占先权。若因占先权之故禁止某人使用某品种名称而根据七款规定必须使用该名称时，主管机关应要求育种者为该品种提出另一名称。
|
| (5) [Same denomination in all Contracting Parties] A
variety must be submitted to all Contracting Parties under the same
denomination. The authority of each Contracting Party shall register the
denomination so submitted, unless it considers the denomination unsuitable
within its territory. In the latter case, it shall require the breeder to submit
another denomination. |
五、［在所有缔约方名称相同的要求］向所有缔约方提交的同一品种的名称必须相同。除在其领土不适用者外，各缔约方应按提交的名称注册。认为不适用其领土时，有关缔约方应要求育种者为该品种提交另一名称。
|
| (6) [Information among the authorities of Contracting Parties]
The authority of a Contracting Party shall ensure that the authorities of all
the other Contracting Parties are informed of matters concerning variety
denominations, in particular the submission, registration and cancellation of
denominations. Any authority may address its observations, if any, on the
registration of a denomination to the authority which communicated that
denomination. |
六、［缔约方主管机关之间的信息交流］缔约一方主管机关应保证向所有其他缔约方主管机关通报有关品种的名称，尤其是名称的提交、注册和取消等有关事宜。收到通报的任何一方，可把对注册名称的意见告知通报名称的一方。
|
| (7) [Obligation to use the denomination] Any person who, within
the territory of one of the Contracting Parties, offers for sale or markets
propagating material of a variety protected within the said territory shall be
obliged to use the denomination of that variety, even after the expiration of
the breeder’s right in that variety, except where, in accordance with the
provisions of paragraph (4), prior rights prevent such use. |
七、［使用品种名称的义务］凡在一个缔约方境内提供出售或市场销售在该境内受保护品种的繁殖材料者，均有义务使用该品种名称，即使是在该品种育种者权利期满之后也应如此。除非根据四款规定，因占先权不能使用者例外。
|
| (8) [Indications used in association with denominations] When a
variety is offered for sale or marketed, it shall be permitted to associate a
trademark, trade name or other similar indication with a registered variety
denomination. If such an indication is so associated, the denomination must
nevertheless be easily recognizable. |
八、［品种名称有关的标识］品种提供出售或市场销售时，允许注册品种名称带有商标、商品名或其他类似标识。然而，如果带有此类标识，品种名称必须易于识别。
|
CHAPTER VII
NULLITY AND CANCELLATION OF THE BREEDER’S RIGHT |
第七章
育种者权利的无效和终止 |
Article 21
Nullity of the Breeder’s Right |
|
| (1) [Reasons of nullity] Each Contracting Party
shall declare a breeder’s right granted by it null and void when it is
established |
一、［无效的原因］遇有下列情况，缔约方应宣布其授予的育种者权利无效：
|
| (i) that the conditions laid down in Articles 6 or 7 were not complied with
at the time of the grant of the breeder’s right, |
|
| （1）在授予育种权利时未遵守第六条或第七条规定条件；
|
|
| (ii) that, where the grant of the breeder’s right has been essentially based
upon information and documents furnished by the breeder, the conditions laid
down in Articles 8 or 9 were not complied with at the time of the grant of the
breeder’s right, or |
|
| （2）主要根据育种者本人提供的信息和有关文件授予育种者权利，在授予育种者权利时未遵守第八条或第九条规定条件，或
|
|
| (iii) that the breeder’s right has been granted to a person who is not
entitled to it, unless it is transferred to the person who is so entitled. |
|
| （3）把育种者权利授予不具备资格者，但转让给有资格者除外。
|
|
| (2) [Exclusion of other reasons] No breeder’s right shall be declared null and
void for reasons other than those referred to in paragraph (1). |
二、［排除其他原因］除一款所述理由外，不得宣布育种者权利无效。
|
Article 22
Cancellation of the Breeder’s Right |
|
| (1) [Reasons for cancellation] |
一、［终止的理由］ |
| (a) Each Contracting Party may cancel a breeder’s right granted by it if it
is established that the conditions laid down in Articles 8 or 9 are no longer
fulfilled. |
|
| （一）第八条或第九条规定的条件不再遵守时，各缔约方可终止其授予的育种者权利。
|
|
| (b) Furthermore, each Contracting Party may cancel a breeder’s right granted
by it if, after being requested to do so and within a prescribed period, |
|
| （二）此外，缔约方可根据请求在规定期限内，宣布终止其授予的育种者权利：
|
|
| (i) the breeder does not provide the authority with the information,
documents or material deemed necessary for verifying the maintenance of the
variety, |
|
| （1）育种者不向主管机关提供用以确证保持该品种所必要的资料、文件或材料；
|
|
| (ii) the breeder fails to pay such fees as may be payable to keep his right
in force, or |
|
| （2）育种者未能交付使其育种者权利维持有效的必要费用；或
|
|
| (iii) the breeder does not propose, where the denomination of the variety is
cancelled after the grant of the right, another suitable denomination. |
|
| （3）在授予育种者权利之后，品种名称被取消，而育种者未能提交合适的新名称。
|
|
| (2) [Exclusion of other reasons] No breeder’s right shall be cancelled for
reasons other than those referred to in paragraph (1). |
二、［排除其他理由］除一款所述理由外，不得终止育种者权利。
|
CHAPTER VIII
THE UNION
|
|
Article 23
Members |
|
| The Contracting Parties shall be members of the Union. |
所有缔约方均为本联盟成员。
|
Article 24
Legal Status and Seat |
|
| (1) [Legal personality] The Union has legal personality. |
一、［法人资格］本联盟具有法人资格。
|
| (2) [Legal capacity] The Union enjoys on the territory of each
Contracting Party, in conformity with the laws applicable in the said territory,
such legal capacity as may be necessary for the fulfillment of the objectives of
the Union and for the exercise of its functions. |
二、［法律资格］在遵守适用于各缔约方境内法律的前提下，本联盟在所述境内享有为实现本联盟目标和履行其职责所必需的法律资格。
|
| (3) [Seat] The seat of the Union and its permanent organs are
at Geneva. |
三、［地点］本联盟及其常设机构设在日内瓦。
|
| (4) [Headquarters agreement] The Union has a headquarters
agreement with the Swiss Confederation. |
四、［总部协定］本联盟与瑞士联邦签有总部协定。
|
Article 25
Organs |
|
| The permanent organs of the Union are the Council and the
Office of the Union. |
本联盟的常设机构为理事会和联盟办公室。
|
Article 26
The Council |
|
| (1) [Composition] The Council shall consist of the
representatives of the members of the Union. Each member of the Union shall
appoint one representative to the Council and one alternate. Representatives or
alternates may be accompanied by assistants or advisers. |
一、［组成］事理会由联盟成员的代表组成。每个联盟成员指派一名代表参加理事会和一名候补代表，代表或候补代表可配有助手或顾问。
|
| (2) [Officers] The Council shall elect a President and a first
Vice-President from among its members. It may elect other Vice-Presidents. The
first Vice-President shall take the place of the President if the latter is
unable to officiate. The President shall hold office for three years. |
二、［官员］理事会从成员中选一名理事长和一名第一副理事长，还可选若干名副理事长。理事长若不能主持工作时，由第一副理事长代理，理事长任期三年。
|
| (3) [Sessions] The Council shall meet upon convocation by its
President. An ordinary session of the Council shall be held annually. In
addition, the President may convene the Council at his discretion; he shall
convene it, within a period of three months, if one-third of the members of the
Union so request. |
三、［理事会会议］理事会会议由理事长召集，例行会议每年一次。此外，理事长可自行决定召集会议；如有三分之一会员提出要求，理事长应在三个月内召开理事会议。
|
| (4) [Observers] States not members of the Union may be invited
as observers to meetings of the Council. Other observers, as well as experts,
may also be invited to such meetings. |
四、［观察员］非本联盟成员国可应邀以观察员身份参加理事会议，其他观察员和有关专家也可应邀参加这类会议。
|
| (5) [Tasks] The tasks of the Council shall be to: |
五、［任务］理事会任务如下：
|
| (i) study appropriate measures to safeguard the interests and to encourage
the development of the Union; |
|
| （1）研究适当措施，保障本联盟利益和促进本联盟发展；
|
|
| (ii) establish its rules of procedure; |
|
|
| (iii) appoint the Secretary-General and, if it finds it necessary, a Vice
Secretary-General and determine the terms of appointment of each; |
|
| （3）任命秘书长，必要时还可任命一名副秘书长，决定二者的任期；
|
|
| (iv) examine an annual report on the activities of the Union and lay down
the program for its future work; |
|
|
| (v) give to the Secretary-General all necessary directions for the
accomplishment of the tasks of the Union; |
|
|
| (vi) establish the administrative and financial regulations of the Union; |
|
|
| (vii) examine and approve the budget of the Union and fix the contribution
of each member of the Union; |
|
| （7）审查和批准本联盟预算，确定各联盟成员国应交纳的会费数额；
|
|
| (viii) examine and approve the accounts presented by the Secretary-General; |
|
|
| (ix) fix the date and place of the conferences referred to in Article 38 and
take the measures necessary for their preparation; and |
|
| （9）确定召开第三十八条所规定的大会会期和会址，采取各种必要措施做好筹备工作；
|
|
| (x) in general, take all necessary decisions to ensure the efficient
functioning of the Union. |
|
| （10）以各种方式，作出一切必要决议，确保本联盟发挥其有效作用。
|
|
| (6) [Votes] |
六、［表决权］
|
| (a) Each member of the Union that is a State shall have one vote in the
Council. |
|
| （一）本联盟的每一成员为一个国家者，在理事会中应有一票表决权。
|
|
| (b) Any Contracting Party that is an intergovernmental organization may, in
matters within its competence, exercise the rights to vote of its member States
that are members of the Union. Such an intergovernmental organization shall not
exercise the rights to vote of its member States if its member States exercise
their right to vote, and vice versa. |
|
| （二）如果缔约方是一个政府间组织，在讨论其权限以内的事项时，该缔约方可作为其成员的本联盟成员国代表行使表决权，当这类组织的成员国自行行使其表决权时，这类组织不应行使其成员国的表决权，反之亦然。
|
|
| (7) [Majorities] Any decision of the Council shall require a
simple majority of the votes cast, provided that any decision of the Council
under paragraphs (5)(ii), (vi) and (vii), and under Articles 28(3), 29(5)(b) and
38(1) shall require three-fourths of the votes cast. Abstentions shall not be
considered as votes. |
七、［多数］理事会决议一般只需投票的简单多数票通过即为有效，如涉及五款（2）、（6）和（7）以及第二十八条三款、第二十九条五款（二）项和第三十八条一款，理事会决议需经投票的四分之三票数通过方为有效。弃权票不计入票数。
|
Article 27
The Office of the Union
|
|
| (1) [Tasks and direction of the Office] The Office of the Union
shall carry out all the duties and tasks entrusted to it by the Council. It
shall be under the direction of the Secretary-General. |
一、［办公室的任务和指导］联盟办公室应执行理事会委托的全部职责和任务，并在秘书长的指导下进行工作。
|
| (2) [Duties of the Secretary-General] The Secretary-General
shall be responsible to the Council; he shall be responsible for carrying out
the decisions of the Council. He shall submit the budget of the Union for the
approval of the Council and shall be responsible for its implementation. He
shall make reports to the Council on his administration and the activities and
financial position of the Union. |
二、［秘书长的责任］秘书长应向理事会负责；他应负有执行理事会决定的责任。他把联盟预算提交理事会审批，并负责执行。他向理事会汇报行政管理、联盟的活动及财务状况。
|
| (3) [Staff] Subject to the provisions of Article 26(5)(iii),
the conditions of appointment and employment of the staff necessary for the
efficient performance of the tasks of the Office of the Union shall be fixed in
the administrative and financial regulations. |
三、［职员］根据第二十六条五款（3）规定，为了有效地完成联盟办公室任务所需任命和雇用职员的条件应在行政管理和财务规则中规定。
|
Article 28
Languages |
|
| (1) [Languages of the Office] The English, French, German and
Spanish languages shall be used by the Office of the Union in carrying out its
duties. |
一、［办公室使用的语言］联盟办公室应使用英语、法语、德语和西班牙语履行其职责。
|
| (2) [Languages in certain meetings] Meetings of the Council and
of revision conferences shall be held in the four languages. |
二、［某些会议中使用的语言］理事会和修订公约的会议应使用上述四种语言。
|
| (3) [Further languages] The Council may decide that further
languages shall be used. |
三、［增添使用的语言］理事会可以决定增用语种。
|
Article 29
Finances |
|
| (1) [Income] The expenses of the Union shall be met from |
一、［收入］联盟开支将来自于以下几项：
|
| (i) the annual contributions of the States members of the Union, |
|
|
| (ii) payments received for services rendered, |
|
|
| (iii) miscellaneous receipts. |
|
|
| (2) [Contributions: units] |
二、［会费：单位］
|
| (a) The share of each State member of the Union in the total amount of the
annual contributions shall be determined by reference to the total expenditure
to be met from the contributions of the States members of the Union and to the
number of contribution units applicable to it under paragraph (3). The said
share shall be computed according to paragraph (4). |
|
| （一）每个联盟成员国在每年会费总额中所分摊的份额应参照从联盟成员国会费中的支出总额和该成员国根据三款规定应交纳的会费单位数来决定，其份额应按四款计算。
|
|
| (b) The number of contribution units shall be expressed in whole numbers or
fractions thereof, provided that no fraction shall be smaller than one-fifth. |
|
| （二）会费单位数可用整数或者分数表示，但分数不得小于五分之一。
|
|
| (3) [Contributions: share of each member] |
三、［会费，每一成员国所分摊的份额］
|
| (a) The number of contribution units applicable to any member of the Union
which is party to the Act of 1961/1972 or the Act of 1978 on the date on which
it becomes bound by this Convention shall be the same as the number applicable
to it immediately before the said date. |
|
| （一）任何1961／1972年文本或1978年文本缔约方的联盟成员国，自受本公约约束之日起，其应交纳会费的单位数即与其上述日期以前的数相同。
|
|
| (b) Any other State member of the Union shall, on joining the Union,
indicate, in a declaration addressed to the Secretary-General, the number of
contribution units applicable to it. |
|
| （二）任何其他联盟成员国在加入联盟时应在声明中向秘书长说明适合于它的会费单位数。
|
|
| (c) Any State member of the Union may, at any time, indicate, in a declaration
addressed to the Secretary-General, a number of contribution units different
from the number applicable to it under subparagraph (a) or (b). Such
declaration, if made during the first six months of a calendar year, shall take
effect from the beginning of the subsequent calendar year; otherwise, it shall
take effect from the beginning of the second calendar year which follows the
year in which the declaration was made. |
|
| （三）任何联盟成员国在任何时候都可向秘书长声明与根据（一）项或者（二）项承担的数目不同的会费单位数。如果是在公历年的前六个月作的声明，该声明将从下一公历年年初生效，否则将推迟到再下一个公历年的年初生效。
|
|
| (4) [Contributions: computation of shares] |
四、［会费：份额数的计算］
|
| (a) For each budgetary period, the amount corresponding to one contribution
unit shall be obtained by dividing the total amount of the expenditure to be met
in that period from the contributions of the States members of the Union by the
total number of units applicable to those States members of the Union. |
|
| （一）在每一预算期，按上述各联盟成员国会费中该期间支出的总和除以这些联盟成员国应交纳会费单位数的总和而得到每一个会费单位应分担的数额。
|
|
| (b) The amount of the contribution of each State member of the Union shall
be obtained by multiplying the amount corresponding to one contribution unit by
the number of contribution units applicable to that State member of the Union. |
|
| （二）每个联盟成员国会费的数额应为每一会费单位的数额乘以该联盟成员国应交纳会费单位数。
|
|
| (5) [Arrears in contributions] |
五、［拖欠会费］
|
| (a) A State member of the Union which is in arrears in the payment of its
contributions may not, subject to subparagraph (b), exercise its right to vote
in the Council if the amount of its arrears equals or exceeds the amount of the
contribution due from it for the preceding full year. The suspension of the
right to vote shall not relieve such State member of the Union of its
obligations under this Convention and shall not deprive it of any other rights
thereunder. |
|
| （一）如果拖欠会费的任何联盟成员国，所欠款数等于或超过了前一整年应交纳会费的数额，该成员国则不能享有在理事会中的投票表决权，但（二）项情况除外。中止投票表决权并不等于免除了这个联盟成员国对本公约承担的义务，也不等于剥夺其他任何权力。
|
|
| (b) The Council may allow the said State member of the Union to continue to
exercise its right to vote if, and as long as, the Council is satisfied that the
delay in payment is due to exceptional and unavoidable circumstances. |
|
| （二）如果理事会确信拖欠的会费是出于特殊的和不可避免的原因，理事会可允许该成员国继续行使投票表决权。
|
|
| (6) [Auditing of the accounts] The auditing of the accounts of the Union shall
be effected by a State member of the Union as provided in the administrative and
financial regulations. Such State member of the Union shall be designated, with
its agreement, by the Council. |
六、［帐目审计］帐目审计应按行政和财务规则中的规定由某个联盟成员国进行，该联盟成员国应由理事会指派，并得到该成员国的同意。
|
| (7) [Contributions of intergovernmental organizations] Any Contracting Party
which is an intergovernmental organization shall not be obliged to pay
contributions. If, nevertheless, it chooses to pay contributions, the provisions
of paragraphs (1) to (4) shall be applied accordingly. |
七、［政府间组织的会费］任何政府间组织的缔约方，可不履行交纳会费的义务。然而，如果其愿意交纳，应按一、至四款中的条款实施。
|
CHAPTER IX
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION; OTHER AGREEMENTS
|
第九章
本
公约的履行；其他协定
|
Article 30
Implementation of the Convention |
|
| (1) [Measures of implementation] Each Contracting Party
shall adopt all measures necessary for the implementation of this Convention; in
particular, it shall: |
一、［履行公约的措施］每个缔约方应采用一切必要措施去履行本公约，尤其应当：
|
| (i) provide for appropriate legal remedies for the effective enforcement of
breeders’ rights; |
|
| （1）规定适当的补救法律，以便有效地行使育种者的权利；
|
|
| (ii) maintain an authority entrusted with the task of granting breeders’
rights or entrust the said task to an authority maintained by another
Contracting Party; |
|
| （2）设一个主管机关，把授予育种者权利的工作委托给该机关，或者将上述任务委托给另一缔约方的主管机关；
|
|
| (iii) ensure that the public is informed through the regular publication of
information concerning |
|
| （3）保证通过定期出版物将以下有关的信息公告有关方面：
|
|
| - applications for and grants of breeders’ rights, and |
|
|
| - proposed and approved denominations. |
|
|
| (2) [Conformity of laws] It shall be understood that, on depositing its
instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, as the case may
be, each State or intergovernmental organization must be in a position, under
its laws, to give effect to the provisions of this Convention. |
二、［法律的一致性］不言而喻，每个国家或政府间组织，在按其情况交存批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书时，即应能在其法律范围内，实施本公约条款的规定。
|
Article 31
Relations Between Contracting Parties and States Bound by Earlier Acts |
第三十一条
缔约方与受先前文本约束国家之间的关系
|
| (1) [Relations between States bound by this Convention] Between States members
of the Union which are bound both by this Convention and any earlier Act of the
Convention, only this Convention shall apply. |
一、［受本公约约束的国家之间的关系］同时受本公约和任何先前文本约束的联盟成员国之间，唯有本公约适用。
|
| (2) [Possible relations with States not bound by this Convention] Any State
member of the Union not bound by this Convention may declare, in a notification
addressed to the Secretary-General, that, in its relations with each member of
the Union bound only by this Convention, it will apply the latest Act by which
it is bound. As from the expiration of one month after the date of such
notification and until the State member of the Union making the declaration
becomes bound by this Convention, the said member of the Union shall apply the
latest Act by which it is bound in its relations with each of the members of the
Union bound only by this Convention, whereas the latter shall apply this
Convention in respect of the former. |
二、［与不受本公约约束国家的可能关系］任何不受本公约约束的联盟成员国，可以通知秘书长，表明它与只受本公约约束的每个联盟成员国之间的关系，按其受约束的最近文本处理。从该通知书的日期满一个月起，直到发通知书的该成员国受本公约约束之日止，上述成员国按其受约束的最近文本处理它与只受本公约约束的每个联盟成员国之间的关系，而后者仍按本公约处理与前者的关系。
|
Article 32
Special Agreements |
|
| Members of the Union reserve the right to conclude among themselves special
agreements for the protection of varieties, insofar as such agreements do not
contravene the provisions of this Convention. |
联盟各成员国有保留在它们之间缔结品种保护特别协定的权力，但这种协定与本公约条款不得相抵触。
|
CHAPTER X
FINAL PROVISIONS |
|
Article 33
Signature |
|
| This Convention shall be open for signature by any State which
is a member of the Union at the date of its adoption. It shall remain open for
signature until March 31, 1992. |
本公约自通过之日起，对任何联盟成员国的国家开放签字，签字期限到1992年3月31日止。
|
Article 34
Ratification, Acceptance or Approval; Accession |
第三十四条
批准、接受或核准；加入 |
| (1) [States and certain intergovernmental organizations] |
一、［国家和某些政府间的组织］
|
| (a) Any State may, as provided in this Article, become party to this
Convention. |
|
| （一）任何国家，按本条款规定，可以成为本公约的缔约方。
|
|
| (b) Any intergovernmental organization may, as provided in this Article,
become party to this Convention if it |
|
| （二）任何政府间的组织，如果根据本条款规定，又具备下列条件，可以成为本公约的缔约方：
|
|
| (i) has competence in respect of matters governed by this Convention, |
|
|
| (ii) has its own legislation providing for the grant and protection of
breeders’ rights binding on all its member States and |
|
| （2）在授予和保护育种者权利方面有自己的法规约束其所有成员国；以及
|
|
| (iii) has been duly authorized, in accordance with its internal procedures,
to accede to this Convention. |
|
|
| (2) [Instrument of adherence] Any State which has signed this
Convention shall become party to this Convention by depositing an instrument of
ratification, acceptance or approval of this Convention. Any State which has not
signed this Convention and any intergovernmental organization shall become party
to this Convention by depositing an instrument of accession to this Convention.
Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be
deposited with the Secretary-General. |
二、［加入书］在本公约上签字的国家，在交存本公约的批准书、接受书或核准书之后将成为本公约的缔约方。与任何尚未在本公约上签字的国家和任何政府间组织通过交存本公约的加入书而成为本公约的缔约方。批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书应交秘书长保管。
|
| (3) [Advice of the Council] Any State which is not a member of
the Union and any intergovernmental organization shall, before depositing its
instrument of accession, ask the Council to advise it in respect of the
conformity of its laws with the provisions of this Convention. If the decision
embodying the advice is positive, the instrument of accession may be deposited. |
三、［理事会的意见］任何尚未成为本联盟成员的国家和任何政府间组织，在交存加入书之前，应就其法律与本公约的条款是否一致征询理事会的意见。如果其结果是肯定意见，可以交存加入书。
|
Article 35
Reservations |
|
| (1) [Principle] Subject to paragraph (2), no reservations to
this Convention are permitted. |
一、［原则］不允许对本公约有保留权，根据二款者除外。
|
| (2) [Possible exception] |
二、［可能的例外］ |
| (a) Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 3(1), any State which, at the time of becoming party to this Convention, is a party to the Act of 1978 and which, as far as varieties reproduced asexually are concerned, provides for protection by an industrial property title other than a breeder’s right shall have the right to continue to do so without applying this Convention to those varieties. |
|
| （一）尽管有第三条一款的规定，已是1978年文本的缔约方，对其无性繁殖的品种是通过工业产权所有权而不是育种者权利加以保护的国家，在成为本公约的缔约方时，应有权继续实施其原有保护而无需实施本公约对这些品种进行保护。
|
|
| (b) Any State making use of the said right shall, at the time of
depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, as
the case may be, notify the Secretary-General accordingly. The same State may,
at any time, withdraw the said notification. |
|
| （二）在使用上述权利的任何国家，根据实际情况交存批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书时，应通知秘书长。该国可以在任何时候撤销上述通知。
|
|
Article 36
Communications Concerning Legislation and the Genera
and Species Protected; Information to be Published
|
第三十六条
有关法规和受保护植物属、种的通讯交流；信息公布
|
| (1) [Initial notification] When depositing its instrument of ratification,
acceptance or approval of or accession to this Convention, as the case may be,
any State or intergovernmental organization shall notify the Secretary-General
of |
一、［最初的通知］当按实际情况交存批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书时，任何国家或政府间组织应报告秘书长：
|
| (i) its legislation governing breeder’s rights and |
|
|
| (ii) the list of plant genera and species to which, on the date on which it will become bound by this Convention, it will apply the provisions of this Convention. |
|
| （2）自受本公约约束之日起将按本公约的条款进行保护的受保护植物属和种的名录。
|
|
| (2) [Notification of changes] Each Contracting Party shall promptly notify the
Secretary-General of |
二、［更改的通告］每一缔约方应及时向秘书长报告：
|
| (i) any changes in its legislation governing breeders’ rights and |
|
|
| (ii) any extension of the application of this Convention to additional plant genera and species. |
|
|
| (3) [Publication of the information] The Secretary-General shall, on the basis
of communications received from each Contracting Party concerned, publish
information on |
三、［资料出版］秘书长将根据来自各有关缔约方的信息，出版下列信息资料：
|
| (i) the legislation governing breeders’ rights and any changes in that legislation, and |
|
|
| (ii) the list of plant genera and species referred to in paragraph (1)(ii) and any extension referred to in paragraph (2)(ii). |
|
| （2）在一款（2）项中提及的植物属和种名录和在二款（2）项中提及的扩大应用范围。
|
|
Article 37
Entry into Force; Closing of Earlier Acts |
第三十七条
生效；先前文本的关闭 |
| (1) [Initial entry into force] This Convention shall enter into force one month
after five States have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance,
approval or accession, as the case may be, provided that at least three of the
said instruments have been deposited by States party to the Act of 1961/1972 or
the Act of 1978. |
一、［开始生效］本公约在有五个国家按其情况交存批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书后一个月即开始生效，但至少要有三个上述文件是由1961／1972年文本或1978年文本缔约国交存的。
|
| (2) [Subsequent entry into force] Any State not covered by paragraph (1) or any
intergovernmental organization shall become bound by this Convention one month
after the date on which it has deposited its instrument of ratification,
acceptance, approval or accession, as the case may be. |
二、［续后生效］一款中未包括的任何国家或政府间组织，在它按其情况交存批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书之日一个月后，即受本公约的约束。
|
| (3) [Closing of the 1978 Act] No instrument of accession to the Act of 1978 may
be deposited after the entry into force of this Convention according to
paragraph (1), except that any State that, in conformity with the established
practice of the General Assembly of the United Nations, is regarded as a
developing country may deposit such an instrument until December 31, 1995, and
that any other State may deposit such an instrument until December 31, 1993,
even if this Convention enters into force before that date. |
三、［1978年文本的关闭］根据一款在本公约生效后，就不再按1978年文本交存加入书，除了按联合国大会的惯例被认为是发展中国家者，还可于1995年12月31日前交存此类文件，其他国家则在1993年12月31日前，即使本公约在该日期之前业已生效，仍可交存此类文件。
|
Article 38
Revision of the Convention |
|
| (1) [Conference] This Convention may be revised by a conference of the members
of the Union. The convocation of such conference shall be decided by the
Council. |
一、［大会］本公约可由联盟成员国大会修订，召集这样的会议应由理事会决定。
|
| (2) [Quorum and majority] The proceedings of a conference shall be effective
only if at least half of the States members of the Union are represented at it.
A majority of three-quarters of the States members of the Union present and
voting at the conference shall be required for the adoption of any revision. |
二、［法定数与多数］只有在至少半数成员国出席的情况下，大会议程才有效，任何修改都需要有四分之三的多数联盟成员国出席并投票的情况下才能通过。
|
Article 39
Denunciation |
|
| (1) [Notifications] Any Contracting Party may denounce this Convention by
notification addressed to the Secretary-General. The Secretary-General shall
promptly notify all members of the Union of the receipt of that notification. |
一、［通告］任何缔约方都可通告秘书长退出本公约。秘书长应及时把收到的通告告知联盟的各个成员国。
|
| (2) [Earlier Acts] Notification of the denunciation of this Convention shall be
deemed also to constitute notification of the denunciation of any earlier Act by
which the Contracting Party denouncing this Convention is bound. |
二、［先前文本］退出本公约的通告被认为也是构成退出该缔约方受约束的任何先前文本的通告。
|
| (3) [Effective date] The denunciation shall take effect at the end of the
calendar year following the year in which the notification was received by the
Secretary-General. |
三、［生效日期］在秘书长收到通告当年的下一公历年度末退约即生效。
|
| (4) [Acquired rights] The denunciation shall not affect any rights acquired in a
variety by reason of this Convention or any earlier Act prior to the date on
which the denunciation becomes effective. |
四、［已获得的权利］某一品种在退约开始生效之日前，已从本公约或者任何先前文本获得的任何权利将不受影响。
|
Article 40
Preservation of Existing Rights |
|
| This Convention shall not limit existing breeders’ rights under the laws of
Contracting Parties or by reason of any earlier Act or any agreement other than
this Convention concluded between members of the Union. |
本公约应不限制根据缔约方之法律或先前文本，或除本公约以外联盟成员之间缔结的任何协议而获得的现有育种者的权利。
|
Article 41
Original and Official Texts of the Convention |
第四十一条
本公约的原始文本和官方文本 |
| (1) [Original] This Convention shall be signed in a single original in the
English, French and German languages, the French text prevailing in case of any
discrepancy among the various texts. The original shall be deposited with the
Secretary-General. |
一、［原始文本］本公约应以英语、法语和德语各签署一份原始文本，在各文本中如有差异，以法语文本为准。原始文本将由秘书长存档。
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| (2) [Official texts] The Secretary-General shall, after consultation with the
interested Governments, establish official texts of this Convention in the
Arabic, Dutch, Italian, Japanese and Spanish languages and such other languages
as the Council may designate. |
二、［官方文本］在与有关政府协商之后，秘书长将用阿拉伯文、荷兰文、意大利文、日文和西班牙文以及由理事会指定的其他文种制成官方文本。
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Article 42
Depositary Functions |
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| (1) [Transmittal of copies] The Secretary-General shall transmit certified
copies of this Convention to all States and intergovernmental organizations
which were represented in the Diplomatic Conference that adopted this Convention
and, on request, to any other State or intergovernmental organization. |
一、［传送副本］秘书长应把本公约经证实的副本传送给所有参加通过本公约的外交会议的国家和政府间组织，并根据要求，传送给其他的国家和政府间组织。
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| (2) [Registration] The Secretary-General shall register this Convention with the
Secretariat of the United Nations. |
二、［登记］秘书长应向联合国秘书处登记本公约。
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Resolution on Article 14(5) |
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| The Diplomatic Conference for the Revision of the International Convention for
the Protection of New Varieties of Plants held from March 4 to 19, 1991,
requests the Secretary-General of UPOV to start work immediately after the
Conference on the establishment of draft standard guidelines, for adoption by
the Council of UPOV, on essentially derived varieties. |
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Recommendation Relating to Article 15(2)
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| The Diplomatic Conference recommends that the provisions laid down in Article
15(2) of the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of
Plants of December 2, 1961, as Revised at Geneva on November 10, 1972, on
October 23, 1978, and on March 19, 1991, should not be read so as to be intended
to open the possibility of extending the practice commonly called “farmer’s
privilege” to sectors of agricultural or horticultural production in which such
a privilege is not a common practice on the territory of the Contracting Party
concerned. |
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Common Statement Relating to Article 34
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| The Diplomatic Conference noted and accepted a declaration by the Delegation of
Denmark and a declaration by the Delegation of the Netherlands according to
which the Convention adopted by the Diplomatic Conference will not, upon its
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession by Denmark or the Netherlands,
be automatically applicable, in the case of Denmark, in Greenland and the Faroe
Islands and, in the case of the Netherlands, in Aruba and the Netherlands
Antilles. The said Convention will only apply in the said territories if and
when Denmark or the Netherlands, as the case may be, expressly so notifies the
Secretary-General. |
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